The imperial army is disintegrating. The Croats have openly 
rebelled and forced their Ban, Jellachich, to go with them from 
Pest down the Danube by steamship to the south, probably so 
that they may protect their homeland. Jellachich had to give way, 
and hence the whole of the First Army Corps is on the march 
southwards. 

Welden has indeed withdrawn his headquarters to Raab. Though 
he insists that Ofen is still garrisoned (by 6,000 men commanded by 
Schlick, they say), this however is very doubtful. 

Another rumour, though immediately disavowed by other 
sources, has it that Wohlgemuth, who has just been defeated, has 
now defeated Gorgey!!! 

The Pest mail of the 22nd arrived in Vienna 24 hours late. 

A letter from Pressburg to Breslau of April 24 says 

“that the Komorn siege artillery, sailing up the Danube, has just arrived and that 
the Austrian troops are withdrawing to Pressburg”’. 

Finally the correspondent expresses the fear that all correspon- 
dence will probably be interrupted quite soon. The last mail was also 
missing in Pressburg. 

Welden’s proclamation, mentioned previously, runs thus: 

“To reassure the public we herewith announce that according to news just received 
from the headquarters of Lieutenant-Field Marshal Baron Welden, Ofen continues to. 
be occupied by an adequate force, and the main army, continuously following the 
enemy’s movements on the right bank of the Danube, is in process of being 
concentrated. At the same time we announce that Komorn is still under continuous 

bombardment and is being kept under observation by our troops. In addition, | 
Csorich’s division continues to occupy Gran and covers the Danube crossing. 

“The Commanding General and Deputy Governor, 

Baron von Bohm, Lieutenant-Field Marshal.” * 

The Austrian retreat towards Vienna is now called “concentra- 
tion”. 

The martial-law paper Die Presse reports the following on the latest 
operations: 

“The Hungarians were above all concerned to get possession of the left bank of the 
Danube above Waitzen by a rapid movement under cover of the mountains. Thus they 
achieved a double purpose: the insurrection gained scope and strength, and they 
could hope in this way to relieve Komorn, the key to the Danube. The execution of 
this plan was concealed from the Austrian general by sham attacks on our troops by a 
few brigades, and since he allowed himself to be deceived it was in the main successful. 
The insurgents crossed the Eipel and Gran and were thus able to bypass General 
Wohlgemuth, stationed at Kemend with 15,000 men. This bypassing was executed 
with far superior numbers of insurgents and could not have been prevented even by 
Wohlgemuth’s most energetic and devoted resistance. The Magyars extended the line 
of their bypassing to Neutra, and, while their right wing reached the flank of the royal 
imperial troops between Sallo and the river Gran, their left wing threatened the rear. 
It seems therefore to have become impossible for General Wohlgemuth to carry out 
his intention of retreating across the Waag, thus covering Pressburg and occupying 
the Schitt Island in conjunction with the corps besieging Komorn, for he withdrew to 
Neuhdusel.” > 

The (Italian) Mazzuchelli regiment is reported to have gone over 
to the Hungarians. 

In Pest, a proclamation ‘ issued by Havas, the royal commissioner, 
warns the inhabitants against attempts on the departing royal 
imperial troops, as the destruction of the city would ensue; Havas 
exhorts them not to place any obstacles in the way of the withdrawal 
of the troops.— The military hospitals have been placed under the 
protection of the municipality. The guns have disappeared from 
Ofen’s ramparts. The imperial side must be in a bad way if it has to 
resort to such proclamations. 

The Hungarian banknotes are—al pari‘; the Austrian notes have 
dropped considerably. 

The Pester Zeitung has engaged a Magyar editor; the Figyelmezé has 
ceased to appear. 

The retreat from Pest is said to be the result of a 48-hour cease-fire 
granted by the Magyar forces outside Pest to the imperial forces. 

* “Kundmachung, von Béhm. Wien, 24. April 1849.” — Ed. 

b “Wien, 24. April“, Die Presse No. 98, April 25, 1849.— Ed. 

The Neue Oder-Zeitung writes: 

“The Magyar army is reported to amount to 200,000 men, including the 
Landsturm. In newly occupied areas, Kossuth likewise calls up the Landsturm, so that 
his combat forces will soon amount to 300,000 men, etc. etc. The fact is that since 
March 4 the energy of the Croat troops has declined, and Jellachich is having to 
employ all his prestige to restrain them.” 

General of the Cavalry Hammerstein has not left Lemberg to this 
day, and the First Deutschmeister battalion?”? marched off to Stryj 
only on the 14th of this month, to replace a battalion stationed there 
and destined for Hungary. The report that Lieutenant-Field 
Marshal Vogl is with the corps which consists of 20,000 men and is 
already on Hungarian soil has thus proved incorrect. The entire force 
now on the way to Hungary probably consists of 53 companies of 
infantry, six squadrons of cavalry and four artillery batteries, formed 
up in three columns. The first is commanded by Major-General 
Barco, the second by Major-General Benedek, and the third by 
Colonel Ludwig. Lieutenant-Field Marshal Vogl is in charge of the 
operations. 

As a precautionary measure, Lieutenant-Field Marshal Simunich 
has sent guns to Vienna; but already yesterday they were sent back to 
Hungary by steamship. 

Since the 25th, more fresh troops have arrived in Vienna and 
others have marched off. Commercial and banking circles have 
recovered a little from their fears. In the suburbs, especially 
Josefstadt and Wieden, considerable excitement prevails, and 
last night, particularly in the former, people drank immode- 
rately in most inns; nay, Hungarian tunes were: demanded and 
chanted. 

Two days previously, in the Josefstadt transport depot, a 
detachment of the Hungarian Alexander infantry regiment,” which 
is in process of reorganisation, was worked on by emissaries. But the 
battalion was quickly sent away, and some of the “agitators” 78! were 
arrested. Today was the first day of recruiting by the drawing of lots 
and up to now it has passed off quietly, although in the suburbs those 
liable to conscription had been greatly incited. The Government has 
taken stringent police measures to check the throng of “agitators” 
and to remove strangers. Kossuth’s proclamations to the sister nation 
in Vienna, in which it is called upon to aid in the restoration to the 
throne of the legitimate Emperor Ferdinand, have been read here. 
In addition, the rumour was circulating that a cabinet council 
decided yesterday to reject Russian intervention in the Austro- 
Hungarian question. 

Although somewhat belatedly, we are reprinting a letter from 
Pressburg which appeared in the Constitutionelles Blatt aus Béhmen, 
because it contains much that is interesting. 

“The stage-coaches to the Upper Comitats were discontinued already last week; 
soon afterwards, mail also was dispatched only to Neutra, and—yesterday morning it 
was already reported that the Hungarians had entered Neuhausel (three to four hours 
from Komorn). During the day, a traveller arriving here from Tyrnau showed me a 
proclamation issued by the military commandant there, which refuted the rumour 
that the Hungarians had entered Neutra as well, but in such a way that from the few 
lines one might easily infer the opposite. Yesterday afternoon, this doubt was 
strengthened by the dispatch by train to Tyrnau of a detachment from the garrison 
here, provided with guns. Late in the evening, I was told by an acquaintance who had 
arrived the same day from Neuhausel that this town was already occupied by an 
insurgent force of nearly 40,000-45,000 men together with a considerable number of 
guns, and the royal imperial troops, about 12,000-15,000 men, had withdrawn to 
Sellye (two hours up-river towards Pressburg), because of the great superiority of the 
enemy. I was still quite unwilling to believe this strange news, when I heard an 
imperial army sergeant confirm this sad fact. Both agreed that the troops had run out 
of ammunition and for that reason alone had to retreat. An observation that 
unfortunately one has had to hear more than once since the beginning of the unhappy 
civil war in Hungary. 

“Our trades people here were however greatly surprised when this morning they 
wanted to travel by train to the market in Tyrnau, and found that railway journey 
there had been suspended. In answer to their enquiries they were told that last night 
almost the whole of our garrison, together with artillery, had been hurriedly sent off 
to Tyrnau, for which purpose all the carriages had been requisitioned.—It has 
become known that a fairly heavy encounter between our troops and the enemy army 
has taken place at Neuhausel, on which occasion the Nassau infantry regiment is said 
to have suffered heavily. It is also said that the Tyrnau railway carriages which left 
last night will bring back here a large number of royal imperial troops today. 

“A camp of about 18-20 battalions is soon to be formed outside one of the city 
lines. It is certain that already last week, the innkeeper in the Schlossberg fort which is 
now fairly heavily fortified, was given definite instruction by the military commandant 
here to lay in all necessary provisions for at least three to four weeks, and the garrison 
here is expecting at any moment the order to move into that fort with bag and 
baggage.—The announced issue of the new compulsory notes naturally did not 
produce a good mood. The standing questions regarding these notes are: (1) To what 
amount are they to be issued? (2) Will the Bohemian, Silesian and Austrian 
industrialists accept them at their full value? 

“Postscript. Just now we hear that the Hungarian advance guard is already at 
Szered.” * 

The same newspaper carries a report from Vienna about 
Transylvanian affairs: 

“A considerable number of refugees from Transylvania arrived here recently. 
Some of them, who came directly from Hermannstadt — directly now means through 
Wallachia and via Esseg—relate the events there in almost identical terms. The 

murder stories are in large part invented; looters were shot, and the strictest discipline 
was soon established. Bem put up to public auction all the belongings of the officers 
which they left behind, with the exception of General Puchner’s belongings and 
correspondence: these he forwarded to him by some Honveds, together with a polite 
letter. They were, however, intercepted by the Russians, and none of the refugees was 
able to say anything about what had happened to either the Honveds or the 
documents. Incidentally, they depict the condition of the country as deplorable, and 
the conduct of the Russians towards the refugees as really shocking, but all agree that 
they were moved by the kindness and considerateness of the Turks.” 

April 29, 1849