“Risorgero nemico ognor piu crudo 
Cenere anco sepolto e spirto ignudo.” 

(I shall revive from the dead a still more cruel foe, though but 
buried ash and a naked spirit.) These two lines of Tasso’s 
Jerusalem? which Orsini, after Favre’s speech,” with a strange smile, 
whispered to his defender, are already beginning to be fulfilled. 
The attitude of the crowd witnessing the death of the Italian 
patriot is thus described by an eye-witness: 

“Such had been the alarm of the Government that an entire division was had 
out, under the personal command of a general officer, who assisted at the 
execuuon. Fifteen thousand soldiers were ready to act on the slightest signal, and 
every issue and outlet was guarded as in times of insurrection. In my estimation, 
between 90,000 and 100,000 men of the Faubourgs, workmen in blouses, were 
assembled in the spaces and in the streets near the Place de la Roquette;, but they 
were so grouped by the way in which the troops were stationed, that they could see 
lite or nothing. When the dead, dull sound of the falling of the knife upon Orsini 
was heard, it was responded to by an immense but smothered reply of ‘Vive la 
République. 1 cannot properly describe this; it was like a gigantic mutter; it was not 
a cry or a shout, but it sounded like the breath or the sigh of thousands of human 
beings. It was well appreciated by the authorities, for, on the instant, the soldiers 
raised the most disorderly clatter imaginable, struck their horses, so as to make 
them plunge and kick, shook their arms, and contrived that the popular whisper 
should be stifled without being literally put down. But the words ‘Vive la 
République’ must have been clearly audible to every one. I purposely went home on 
foot, threading my way slowly through the groups wherever I found them thickest. 
I am bound to admit that everywhere I’ heard expressions of sympathy and 
admiration for Orsini, whose crime seems utterly forgotten, while only the effect 
produced by his courage and generosity toward his associates remains. Pieri’s 
name | did not hear once. The attitude of the populace was, I should say, 
extremely menacing, for it had the marks of a hate and a thirst for vengeance 

* Torquato Tasso, Gerusalemme liberata, canto nono, stanza XCIX.— Ed. 
b J. Favre’s speech before the Jury on February 26, 1858, Le Moniteur universel, 
No. 58, February 27, 1858.— Ed. 

seated too deep for words. All the remarks I heard were made in an undertone, as 
though a police spy were dreaded at every instant.” 

It seems, then, that the measures of “general safety” intended 
to weed out the Republican element, the wholesale imprisonments 
and transportation, prove no more successful than the cités 
ouvrieres,’ the newly-established workshops, and other attempts to 
purchase the conscience of the French working classes. The 
circumstances dwelt upon on a former occasion,” which accom- 
panied Orsini’s trial, have now become the general topic of Paris 
conversation. It has even oozed out that when the voluminous 
correspondence of Orsini and Pieri came to be examined, letters 
written by Louis Napoleon, and signed by himself, dated many 
years ago, came to light. If the French Constitutionnel was still in 
the agreeable position it held in Mr. Guizot’s time, we should, day 
after day, be treated with the solemn phrase, “L’horizon politique 
s’obscurcit.” <°°* And so it does, indeed. Great was the consternation 
at the Tuileries on ascertaining the conduct of the officers of the 
garrison at Chalons, and excessive the anger at the naiveté of the 
Moniteur informing France and Europe that, instead of on the