Yesterday’s Moniteur states that 

“the Russian Envoy at Vienna* has announced to the Austrian Cabinet that the 
Emperor Nicholas has ordered the complete evacuation of Wallachia and Moldavia. 
Notwithstanding this declaration, Count Buol exchanged notes on the 8th inst. with 
Baron de Bourqueney and Lord Westmorland, from which it results that Austria, 
like France and England, is of opinion that guarantees must be exacted from Russia 
to prevent a return of complications which disturb the quiet of Europe, and 
engages itself until the reestablishment of general peace not to enter into any treaty 
with the Cabinet of St. Petersburg unless those guarantees are obtained.” 

Of what sort these guarantees are to be, may be seen from The 
Times of this morning. Firstly, the evacuation of the Principalities; 
secondly, the substitution of a common European protectorate in 
lieu of the Russian protectorate; thirdly, the 

“revision of the Convention of the Straits, and the adoption of such measures as 
are necessary to reduce the naval ascendancy of Russia within limits less formidable 

to the existence of Turkey and the independence of navigation both on the waters 
of the Euxine and at the mouths of the Danube.” ‘ 

The statement of the Moniteur is on the whole confirmed by the 
declarations of Lord Clarendon in yesterday’s sitting of the House 
of Lords.4 We know also, from other sources, that the Russian 
headquarters are removed to Buseo; that four Russian regiments 
have crossed the Pruth, and that the Austrian Government, on its 
part, has countermanded the order given to several corps of 

> Le Moniteur universel, No. 222, August 10, 1854.— Ed. 
“ The Times, No. 21817, August 11, 1854, leader.— Ed. 

| The Times, No. 21817, August 11, 1854.—Ead. 

troops to reenforce the armies drawn up en échelon on the 
frontiers of Galicia and Transylvania. 

There was scarcely ever a more curious operation in the history 
of wars than this evacuation of the Principalities by the armies of 
Russia. The fact is that it cannot be accounted for from any 
strategical, but only from a diplomatic point of view. As has been 
explained in The Tribune? a plan had been arranged between 
Austria and Russia, according to which the Austrians were to 
occupy the Principalities as soon as the honor of the Czar should 
be satisfied by the capture of Silistria; the chance of a Russian 
defeat being provided for by a clause, according to which the 
Austrian occupation was to take place in that case, too. According- 
ly, one day before the Russians raised the siege of Silistria, a treaty 
was concluded between Turkey and Austria, giving the latter 
power the right to enter Wallachia.” The treaty aimed at three 
purposes—to withhold the Principalities from Turkey; to “raise a 
cordon against the plague of revolution around the Austrian 
frontiers;” lastly, to secure the safe retreat of the Russian army. 
This treaty, as we may safely infer from the confessions of Lord 
Clarendon, was forced upon the Porte by Lord Stratford de 
Redcliffe, the English Embassador at Constantinople—the Divan 
simultaneously issuing an order for allowing the Russians to retire 
without being molested by pursuit. The precipitate withdrawal of 
the Russians from the Danube is therefore without an explanation, 
unless it entered into Russia’s agreements with Austria. The 
Austrians had fixed the 3d of July for the entrance of their troops 
into Wallachia. Whence their procrastination? They were securing 
concession upon concession from the Porte: firstly, in respect of 
the form of government to be established in Wallachia; secondly, 
in respect to the exclusion of the Turks from their own province. 
Subsequently they made known that their occupation of Wallachia 
would not include a declaration of war. 

“The Austrian Government,” says Lord Clarendon, “at the end of June, when 
the Russians were about to evacuate Wallachia, sent an officer from the staff of 
General Hess to inform the allied Commanders that the Austrian Government 
intended to occupy a portion of Wallachia, in the name of the Sultan, and for the 
purpose of restoring his authority there; but that they would not enter as 
belligerents, because they were not at war with Russia, and had not received an 
answer to the demands which they had addressed to her.” 

This imbecile sincerity of Austria caused embarrassment, and a 
new delay was necessitated. Then came the protest of Prussia, 

jealous of the aggrandizement of Austrian power on the Danube. 
The fact of both these powers being the tools of Russia does not 
exclude their remaining jealous of each other, as was sufficiently 
exemplified by the “potato-war” of 1850.°° If Mr. Urquhart had 
perused the Warsaw protocol of that year,” he would not have 
tumbled into the Quixotic idea of suddenly propping up Prussia as 
the European bulwark against Russia. 

Seeing Austria losing her opportunity, the Russians already in 
retreat turned round and advanced once more to the Danube, for, 
if the evacuation of Wallachia was complete before Austria had 
moved, their subsequent entrance into that Principality would have 
been deprived of any pretext. Meanwhile, however, the Turkish 
General at Rustchuk*—-to use the phraseology of The Times— 
“imagining”? the Russians in full retreat, went over to Giurgevo, 
and beat them so soundly as to render impossible any attempt at 
retaking possession of the line of the Danube. In consequence of 
this defeat the Russians were obliged to think seriously of retreat, 
a resolution to which they were prompted by the discovery that 
the ostensible allies of Turkey would no longer be able to remain 
inactive, and that the English Government would be forced, in 
deference to their army as well as to the public, to undertake 
something against them. By retiring from the Principalities they 
increased their defensive force in Bessarabia and the Crimea. 
Thus we learn by a telegraphic dispatch that the Russian 
regiments in Bessarabia and Kherson are to move in all possible 
haste to the Crimea, while those in Moldavia march to occupy 
‘their places.‘ 

It was to be presumed that the Turks would not be slow in 
improving their opportunity. Their vanguard, under Iskander Bey, 
entered Bucharest on the 6th inst., and their General received a 
deputation from the Wallachian Capital on the anniversary of the 
day in which, in 1853, their enemies had entered it. 

Thus the Austrians have again lost their opportunity and are 
deprived of their false pretenses for entering Wallachia. An 
occupation at this moment would bring them infallibly into 
collision with the Turks. While, therefore, the Austrian papers 
denounce the advance of the Turks upon Bucharest as a breach of 
contract, the Austrians themselves are denounced by the English 

> The Times, No. 21807, July 31, 1854, leader.— Ed. 

ministerial press for their slowness and stupidity, in having set at 
nought the fine spun plot. In The Times of Thursday we read for 
instance: 

“The Austrians have lost by their procrastination the effect of the position they 
might have assumed in the Principalities. Omer Pasha has taken advantage of this 
opportunity and closed up on the heels of the retreating enemy. Wallachia is now 
in a great degree occupied by the troops of the Sultan. The Danube from Orsova 
to Galatch is in their possession and there is no reason to suppose that any claim 
can be urged by a foreign power to induce the Turkish commander to recede from 
a province which he holds by the right of the master and by the valor of his 
army. 

All that is left for the Austrians to do now is the occupation of 
Moldavia. 

The dispatches from Constantinople dated July 30, almost 
exclusively allude to the projected expedition against the Crimea.” 
The division of twenty ships which started from Balchik on the 
21st of July, accompanied by Generals Brown and Canrobert, and 
commanded by Admiral Bruat, in order to reconnoitre the coast 
from Anapa to Sevastopol, returned on the 27th. After their 
return Canrobert and Brown immediately proceeded to Varna to 
communicate the results of their mission to St. Arnaud and Lord 
Raglan.“ The Anglo-French troops were drawn up from Varna to 
Kustendje, in order to facilitate their embarkation at the different 
ports. This embarkation must have taken place on the 29th or 
30th of July. The Turkish fleet had entered the Black Sea, and all 
the Anglo-French naval forces must have been assembled in the 
latitude of Varna as on the Ist inst., numerous transports were 
accumulated there. On the destination of these forces the Gazette 
du Midi has the following: 

“Some speak of Anapa, and the neighboring fortress which contain together 
about 20,000 men, and the capture of which would at once establish communica- 
tions between Abkhazia, Circassia, and the Crimea, so that the Circassians could 
easily take part in any attack directed against the Crimea. According to others the 
attack is to be directed against Odessa, which, at this moment, musters a garrison 
of about 40,000 men, and which would be fortified by the allied troops, in order to 
stay there during the winter, and to threaten Bessarabia on one side and the 
Crimea on the other side. A third Version points to Nikolayev as the point to be 
attacked, there being there the arsenals of the Russian army, and this place 

7 The Times, No. 21816, August 10, 1854, leader.— Ed. 
Journal des Débats, August 10, 1854.— Ed. 
“ The Times, No. 21816, August 10, 1854, leader.— Ed. 

occupying the triangle formed by the Dnieper in the east, and the Bug in the 
west.”* 

The Dobrodja has been entirely abandoned by the Russians, and 
is now occupied by 36,000 Turks and French. The Turks are at 
Babadagh and are said to be under orders to attack Tultsha, while 
the French are to attack Galatch. 

On the 16th of July, the little town established by the Russians 
at the Sulina mouth, which was already partly dismantled, is said 
to have been completely destroyed by the English steamers Spitfire 
and Vesuvius, no buildings having been spared except the 
lighthouse and the church. 

In the White Sea the English have effected a landing on some 
point on the Coast of Onega and destroyed a village. 

The Vladimir affair in the Black Sea*’ has called forth a violent 
attack from The Times against Admiral Dundas,” to which The 
Herald answers as follows: . 

“Sir Charles Napier in the Baltic could permit the Sweaborg fleet to pass 
unmolested to their anchorage—could allow Hango Udd to be well fortified, and 
then most ineffectively bombarded—could permit the buoys to be removed and 
the ships to run aground in consequence, and not one word of reflection would 
The Times cast upon him; but with Admiral Dundas the case is altogether 
different.” © 

By letters from Paris of the 9th inst. we learn that 50,000 
French troops are to be added to the Oriental army.? If the war 
produce no other good, it has at least the merit of ridding France 
of her Decembrist army. 

It may have occurred to your notice that the Emperor of Russia, 
since his discomfiture in Turkey, has recommenced using the title 
of King of Poland, which he had resigned as superfluous after his 
victory in Hungary, the absorption of that country being 
considered to have been effected. In a letter published by the 
Vienna Presse, dated Warsaw, Ist Aug., we read: 

“The approaching arrival of the Czar at Warsaw will be marked, it is said, by 
certain concessions to the Poles in the point of view of their nationality. It is said 

that the assembly of notables mentioned in the organic statute for the Kingdom of 
Poland of 1832768 is to be convoked. The establishments of public instruction are, 

August 11, 1854.— Ed. 
The Times, No. 21815, August 9, 1854, leader.— Ed. 
“ The Morning Herald, No. 22194, August 10, 1854.— Ed. 
August 10, 1854.— Ed. 

it is said, to be reopened, and the employment of the Polish language in official 
acts, the publication of the annual expenses and receipts, and the right to consent 
to direct taxes ordered. The Polish army is also, as the report goes, to be 
reestablished, but under-command of Russian officers. The fourth recruitment is 
finished. Never had the population been subjected to contributions to such an 
extent.”* 

We read also in the Duisseldorfer Zeitung under date of 7th 
August: 

“According to reports from Warsaw, Gen. Ridiger, the stadtholder of the 
Kingdom of Poland, has summoned the marshals of the Polish nobility to petition 
the Crown for the restoration of an independent Polish Kingdom.” 

Many solutions of the Polish question have been offered by 
diverse parties, but never did any one imagine such a solution as 
that proposed and ordered by the Russian general. 

I am informed from Copenhagen that the idiot king of 
Denmark,” accompanied by the Minister of the Interior, M. de 
Tillisch, has embarked to meet the king of Sweden‘ at Karlskrona. 
Tillisch is one of the most fanatical partisans of Russia, and it is 
generally supposed that the meeting of the two kings is destined to 
renew the bond of Russian partisanship called the Northern 
armed neutrality.” If Denmark and Sweden mean _ neutrality 
toward Russia, it does not follow that they mean the same toward 
England and France, as the following circumstance sets forth. 
Some days ago General Mesa, Commander-in-chief of the Danish 
Artillery, passed in review the Artillery of the National Guard and 
addressed to them an unusually ardent allocution, hinting that the 
day approached perhaps when the National Artillery, united to 
that of the army, would be appealed to by the king for the 
common defense of the Scandinavian fatherland. 

Parliament will be prorogued to-morrow. The session is 
remarkable for its abandoned measures, as the campaign, for its 
postponement of warlike operations. 

Some days ago the Charivari published a caricature exhibiting 
the Spanish people engaged in battle and the two sabers— 
Espartero and O’Donnell—embracing each other over their 
heads. The Charivari mistook for the end of the revolution, what 
is only its commencement. The struggle has already commenced 

belge, No. 223, August 11, 1854.— Ed. 

between O’Donnell and Espartero, and not only between them, 
but also between the military chiefs and the people. It has been of 
little avail to the Government to have appointed the toreador 
Pucheta as Superintendent of the slaughter-houses, to have 
nominated a committee for the reward of the barricade- 
combatants, and finally to have appointed two Frenchmen, Pujol 
and Delmas, as historiographers of the revolution. O’Donnell 
wants the Cortes to be elected according to the law of 1845, 
Espartero according to the Constitution of 1837,?”° and the people 
by universal suffrage. The people refuse to lay down their arms 
before the publication of a Government program, the program of 
Manzanares’ no longer satisfying their views. The people demand 
the annulment of the Concordat of 1851,?”! confiscation of the 
estates of the counter-revolutionists, an exposé of the finances, 
cancelling of all contracts for railways and other swindling 
contracts for public works, and lastly the judgment of Cristina by a 
special Court. Two attempts at flight on the part of the latter have 
been foiled by the armed resistance of the people. El Tribuno 
makes the following account of restitutions to be made by Cristina 
to the National Exchequer: Twenty-four millions illegally received 
as Regent from 1834 to 1840; twelve millions received on her 
return from France after an absence of three years; and thirty-five 
millions received of the Treasury of Cuba.’ This account even is a 
generous one. When Cristina left Spain in 1840, she carried off 
large sums and nearly all the jewels of the Spanish Crown. 

Written on August 11, 1854 Reproduced from the New-York