After the indefatigable Gustav had made an_ unsuccessful 
attempt to establish a Central Refugee Committee together with 
Friedrich Bobzin, Habbegg, Oswald, Rosenblum, Cohnheim, 
Grunich and other “outstanding”? men, he made his way towards 
Yorkshire. For here, so he believed, a magic garden would flower 
and in it, unlike the garden of Alcine, virtue would rule instead of 
vice. An old Englishman with a sense of humour, whom our 
Gustav had bored with his theories, took him at his word and gave 
him a few acres of moor in Yorkshire on the express condition 
that he would there found a “Colony of Renunciation”, a colony 
in which the consumption of meat, tobacco and spirits would be 
strictly prohibited, only a vegetarian diet would be permitted and 
where every colonist would be obliged to read a chapter from 
Struve’s book on constitutional law* at his morning prayers. 
Moreover, the colony was to be self-supporting. Accompanied by 
his Amalia, by his: Swabian wall-flower Schnauffer and by a few 
other of his faithfuls, Gustav placed his trust in God and went to 
found the “Colony of Renunciation”. Of the colony it must be 
reported that it contained little “prosperity”, much culture and 
unlimited “freedom” to be bored and to grow thin. One fine 
morning our Gustav uncovered a dreadful plot. His companions 
who did not share Gustav’s ruminant constitution, and with whom 

the vegetarian fare did not agree, had resolved behind his back to 
slaughter the old cow, the only one and whose milk provided the 
chief source of income of the “Colony of Renunciation”. Gustav 
wrung his hands and shed bitter tears at this malevolence against a 
fellow creature. He indignantly dissolved the colony and decided 
to become a wet Quaker' unless he succeeded in reviving the 
Deutscher Zuschauer or establishing a “provisional government” in 
London. 

Vill 

Arnold, who was anything but content with the seclusion of his 
life in Ostend and who longed for a “frequent appearance” before 
the public, heard of Gustav’s misfortune. He resolved to return to 
England at once and, by climbing on Gustav’s shoulders, to hoist 
himself into the pentarchy of European democracy. For in the 
meantime the European Central Committee '** had been formed 
consisting of Mazzini, Ledru-Rollin and Darasz. Mazzini was its soul. 
Ruge thought he could smell a vacant position. In his Proscrit Mazzini 
had indeed introduced General Ernst Haug, his own invention, as 
the German Associate but for decency’s sake it was not possible to 
nominate such a completely unknown person onto the Central 
Committee. Our Ruge was not unaware of the fact that Gustav had 
had dealings with Mazzini in Switzerland. He himself was acquainted 
with Ledru-Rollin but unfortunately Ledru-Rollin was not ac- 
quainted with him. So Arnold took up residence in Brighton and 
flattered and cajoled the unsuspecting Gustav, promised to help him 
found a Deutscher Zuschauer in London and even to undertake as a 
joint venture the democratic publication of the Rotteck-Welcker 
Staats-Lexikon with Ruge paying the costs. At the same time he 
introduced our Gustav as a great man and collaborator into the local 
German paper which in accordance with his principles he always had 
on tap (this time it happened to be the Bremer Tages-Chronik of 
the “Friend of Light” minister Dulon). One good deed deserves 
another: Gustav presented Arnold to Mazzini. As Arnold’s French 
was wholly incomprehensible there was nothing to prevent him from 
introducing himself to Mazzini as the greatest man in Germany and 
in particular as her greatest “thinker”. The canny Italian idealist at 
once realised that Arnold was the man he was looking for, the homme 
sans conséquence* who would provide the German counter-signature 
of his anti-papal Bulls. Thus Arnold Ruge became the fifth wheel on 

the state coach of the European centre of democracy. When an 
Alsatian asked Ledru what on earth possessed him to make an ally of 
such a “bete”, Ledru replied brusquely: “C'est l'homme de Mazzini.”’? 
When Mazzini was asked why he became involved with Ruge,” a man 
bereft of all ideas, he answered slyly: “Cvest précisément pourquot je l’ar 
pris.” “ Mazzini himself had every reason to avoid people with ideas. 
Arnold Ruge, however, saw his wildest dreams come true and for the 
moment he even forgot Bruno Bauer. 

When the time came for him to sign Mazzini’s first manifesto he 
sadly recalled the days when he had presented himself to 
Professor Leo in Halle and old Follen in Switzerland as a 
Trinitarian on one occasion and as a humanist atheist on another. 
This time he was obliged with Mazzini to declare himself for God 
and against princes. However, Arnold’s philosophic conscience had 
already been largely enfeebled by his association with Dulon and 
other clerics among whom he passed for a philosopher. Even in 
his best days our Arnold could not entirely suppress a certain 
foible for religion in general and moreover his “honest conscious- 
ness” kept on whispering to him: Sign, Arnold! Paris vaut bien une 
messe“ One does not become fifth wheel on the coach of the 
provisional government of Europe in partibus for nothing. 
Reflect, Arnold! All you have to do is sign a manifesto every two 
weeks, and even as a “membre du parlement allemand”’,’ in the 
company of the greatest men in all Europe. And bathed in 
perspiration, Arnold signs. A curious joke, he murmurs. Ce n'est 
que le premier pas qui cotite. He had copied this last sentence into 
his notebook the previous night. However, Arnold had not yet 
come to the end of his trials. The European Central Committee 
had issued a series of manifestos to Europe, to the French, the 
Italians, the Wasserpolacken '*’ and the Wallachians and now, 
following the great battle at Bronzell,’** it was Germanys turn. In 
his draft Mazzini attacked the Germans for their lack of 
cosmopolitan spirit, and in particular, for their arrogant treatment 

of Italian salami vendors, organ-grinders, confectioners, dormouse 
tamers and mouse-trap sellers. Taken aback, Arnold confessed that 
it was true. He went further. He declared his readiness to cede the 
Italian Tyrol and Istria to Mazzini. But this was not enough. He 
had not only to appeal to the conscience of the German people, 
but also to attack them where they were most vulnerable. Arnold 
received instructions that this time he was to have an opinion, as 
he represented the German element. He felt like the student 
Jobs.* He scratched himself thoughtfully behind his ear and after 
long reflection he stuttered: “Since the age of Tacitus the German 
bards sing baritone.’ In winter they kindle fires on all the 
mountains so as to warm their feet.” 

The bards, the baritone and fires on all the mountains! That 
will certainly give German freedom a lift! thought Mazzini with a 
grin. The bards, the baritone, fires on all the mountains and 
German freedom went into the manifesto‘ as douceur for the 
German nation. To his astonishment Arnold Ruge had passed the 
examination and understood for the first time with what little 
wisdom the world is governed. From that moment on he despised 
Bruno Bauer more than ever for all his eighteen hefty tomes 
written while he was still young. 

While Arnold in the wake of the European Central Committee 
was signing warlike manifestos with God, for Mazzini and against 
the princes, the peace movement was spreading not only in England, 
under the aegis of Cobden, but even beyond the North Sea. So 
that in Frankfurt am Main the Yankee swindler, Elihu Burritt, 
together with Cobden, Jaup, Girardin and the Red Indian