Factionalism must be subjected to a class analysis [1].
There are parties outside the Party, and there are factions within the Party. This has always
been the case [2].
Except in deserts, wherever there are people, there are leftists, centrists, and rightists. This
will remain the case ten thousand years from now.
Factions are wings of a class [3].

[1] This sentence was quoted in the editorial "The Victory of the Proletarian Revolutionaries"
published in the People's Daily and the Liberation Army Daily on April 20, 1968.
[2] This sentence was quoted in a commentary article in Red Flag magazine on April 26,
1968, titled "Class Analysis of Factionalism is Necessary."
[3] On May 1, 1968, the People's Daily published an editorial titled "Advance with Victory—
Celebrating May 1, International Labor Day." The editorial, which was published in Red Flag
magazine and the Liberation Army Daily, quoted Mao Zedong's words in bold.