All schools and disciplines (primary schools, middle schools, universities, military academies, medical schools, literary and art academies, and other schools such as Party schools, journalism schools, foreign language schools, diplomatic schools, and so on; disciplines include the social sciences, the natural sciences, and general knowledge of both) should be run in this way. Step by step and with preparation, all should go downstairs and out of the courtyard, to the factories, to the countryside, eating, living, and laboring together with the workers and peasants, learning industry and agriculture, and studying. The ratio of work to study should best be half and half, or at most four to six. Therefore, the study portion must be greatly reduced. Books must be read, but reading too many is deadly harmful. Teachers and students are all equal; shed all airs, and teaching and learning benefit each other. Constantly sum up experience and correct mistakes. Many useless books should simply be shelved high and forgotten. Just as in the past, when we abolished the reading of the Five Classics and the Four Books, the Twenty-Four Histories, the Hundred Schools of Thought, and endless collections and anthologies, the revolution instead triumphed. For example, among the Communists and our military cadres, those who were completely illiterate or barely literate accounted for over ninety percent, while those who were somewhat more literate, such as those who had attended middle school for a few years or had entered the Whampoa Military Academy, the Yunnan Military Academy, or Soviet military academies, were only a very small minority.