(July 25, 1962) To be reviewed by Comrades Chen Yun, Deng Zihui, and Tian Jiaying [2]. The article examines Poland’s agricultural socialization and is located on page five. Mao Zedong returned the document after reviewing it on July 25. Printed from the manuscript. Notes [1] This commentary was penned in Issue 1110 of “Materials from Newspapers and Periodicals of Brotherly Countries and Parties,” compiled by Xinhua News Agency on July 24, 1962. Page five of this issue featured a summary of a recent article published in the Polish weekly “Polityka,” discussing Poland’s path of agricultural collectivization. The article argues that agricultural cooperatives currently serve as the central link in Poland’s agricultural socialization process. The number of cooperative members has already reached one million households. By 1965, these cooperatives are expected to accumulate funds totaling billions of zlotys, enabling them to adopt more extensive forms of collective management. Agricultural cooperatives are semi-socialist organizations engaged in collectivization. Between 1970 and 1975, Poland’s agriculture will achieve full electrification and mechanization; to realize this goal, it is necessary to transform rural production relations, ensuring that no more than half of the farmers’ land is socialized within the next fifteen to twenty years. At present, three main types of rural collectivization can be identified: (1) large-scale adoption of labor cooperation; (2) establishment of state-owned farms; and (3) formation of cooperatives—state-owned farms. Establishing agricultural production cooperatives on a large scale does not require significant financial outlay when industry and agriculture have reached a high level of development. Large-scale establishment of state-owned farms, however, would entail the state acquiring farmers’ land through redemption, providing compensation to the landowners. The most cost-effective approach to advancing to higher forms of collectivization is through agricultural cooperatives. [ ] Chen Yun, then Vice Chairman of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council. Deng Zihui, then Minister of the CPC Central Committee’s Rural Work Department and Vice Premier of the State Council. Tian Jiaying, then Deputy Director of the CPC Central Committee’s Political Research Office and Mao Zedong’s secretary.