Commentary on the Report of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee Regarding the Implementation of the Central Instructions on Opposing Rightist Ideology [1] (August 12, 1959) To be circulated to all comrades.
How is the situation in each province, municipality, and autonomous region?
Has a deployment similar to that of Liaoning—combating rightism and boosting morale—been carried out, and what have the results been?
It appears that rightist sentiments, rightist ideas, and rightist activities are present and growing everywhere.
There are varying degrees of severity.
In some localities, there is a situation where rightist opportunist elements are launching a frenzied attack against the Party.
We must analyze each case in light of its specific circumstances and suppress these unhealthy tendencies.
Liaoning acted swiftly, with well-considered steps, achieving remarkable results.
They seized the initiative, forcing the rightist opportunists into a defensive position.
This experience is worthy of attention throughout the country.
Mao Zedong August 12 Based on the manuscript for publication.
Notes [1] The report submitted by the CPC Liaoning Provincial Committee to Mao Zedong and the Central Committee on August 9, 1959, states that upon receiving the Central instructions on combating rightist ideology, they convened two expanded meetings of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and decided to implement the following measures: First, immediately issue notices to party committees at all levels, requiring them to organize study sessions to examine and overcome negative thinking and rightist sentiments, thereby inspiring cadres and the masses to redouble their efforts and launch a new upsurge in the mass campaign for increased production and thrift.
Second, an emergency meeting was held with leading officials from key enterprises across the province, as well as city party secretaries, during the ongoing provincial conference on basic construction, to convey the instructions of the Central Committee and the Chairman and to make arrangements for production and infrastructure development in the second half of the year, particularly during August and September.
Third, a radio broadcast assembly involving workers from industry, agriculture, commerce, education, and the military is scheduled for August 10 to further mobilize the masses to intensify production and practice thrift.
Fourth, after completing the above tasks, inspection teams will be dispatched immediately to various localities to supervise, inspect, and assist in the work.
At the same time, there will be vigorous promotion of cadres and the masses eating, living, and working together, going deep into the grassroots to promptly identify and resolve problems.

Commentary on the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee’s Opinions Concerning Future Economic Construction Policies and Arrangements (August 12, 1959) To be circulated to all comrades.
Each province should formulate a medium- to long-term plan for economic development based on its own local conditions.
The Liaoning Provincial Committee’s opinion paper [1] may serve as a reference for provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions.
Mao Zedong August 12 Based on the manuscript for publication.
Notes [1] Refers to the report submitted by the CPC Liaoning Provincial Committee to Mao Zedong and the Central Committee on August 7, 1959, concerning policies and arrangements for Liaoning Province’s future economic development.
The report states that, due to certain imbalances still existing in our province’s national economy, the guiding principle for future economic development should be to fully utilize the existing industrial base, vigorously tap enterprise potential, and better support the whole country.
On this basis, we will gradually rectify certain imbalances in the national economy so that it can develop more systematically and proportionately.
To achieve this goal, the following arrangements are proposed: (1) Vigorously develop agriculture, progressively mechanize farming, and increase the production of fertilizers and pesticides. (2) Given that heavy industry accounts for a particularly large share of our province’s economy, we will generally refrain from further expanding production capacity.
As for weak links and gaps, these should be addressed through unified planning at the national level, gradually strengthening and filling them in.
At the same time, emphasis should be placed on developing coal mining, power generation, and other foundational industries, as well as transportation infrastructure. (3) Actively develop light industry to the extent permitted by resources and technological conditions.
(4) Improve urban construction, earnestly address severe water shortages in cities, appropriately develop the city gas industry, and steadily enhance people’s living standards while appropriately controlling urban population growth. (5) Greatly expand the fisheries sector. £´ 1

Commentary on the Report of the CPC Ministry of Commerce Party Group Concerning Support for Drought Relief and Flood Control Work [1] (August 13, 1959) Read and approved; very good.
Returned to Comrade Cheng Zihua [2]. ·Mao Zedong August 13 Based on the manuscript for publication.
Notes [1] The report submitted by the CPC Ministry of Commerce Party Group to the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong on August 7, 1959, states that, in order to actively support drought relief and flood control efforts across the country, the Ministry has established a special office responsible for liaising with relevant provinces and regions to gain a clear understanding of disaster relief work and to promptly supervise and inspect it.
With regard to the supply of relief materials, the following measures are planned: (1) In cases where supplies for drought relief and flood control are insufficient, priority shall be given to providing assistance to disaster-stricken areas. (2) Upholding the spirit of communist cooperation, non-disaster areas are urged to proactively assist disaster zones. (3) Disaster-affected areas should exhaust all possible means to tap local resources, use locally available materials, and conduct thorough stockroom cleanups to maximize the utilization of existing inventories.
In areas already affected by disasters, the commercial departments, under the unified leadership of the party committees, should also actively help disaster victims develop various forms of economic activity, ensuring the supply of raw materials needed for production and the marketing of finished products, as well as providing daily necessities and medicines, and making early preparations for winter heating supplies. [2] Cheng Zihua, who at the time served as Minister of Commerce.

Commentary on the Experience of Anshan Iron and Steel Company in Overcoming Rightist Slackness and Intensifying Efforts to Increase Production and Practice Thrift [1] (August 14, 1959) To be circulated to all comrades.
All key enterprises are instructed to study the experience of Anshan Iron and Steel Company.
Mao Zedong August 14 Based on the manuscript for publication.
Note [1] A report submitted by the CPC Anshan Municipal Committee to the Liaoning Provincial Committee on August 8, 1959, states that, following Chairman Mao’s instruction issued on July 31 regarding the Anshan Municipal Committee’s “Report on Current Production and Mass Movements at Anshan Iron and Steel Company and Work Arrangements for August,” as well as the directives from the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee’s expanded meeting held from August 3 to 5, they were greatly encouraged and resolved to immediately take the following measures to further overcome rightist slackness and swiftly propel the campaign to increase production and practice thrift to a new high: First, immediately launch a campaign among cadres and workers to study and publicize the People’s Daily editorial “Overcome Rightist Sentiments and Intensify Efforts to Increase Production and Practice Thrift,” thoroughly awakening their ideological consciousness.
Second, seize the current favorable opportunity to rapidly elevate the campaign to a new climax.
Third, rigorously strengthen enterprise management.
Fourth, reinforce leadership in weak areas and ensure the prompt implementation of major initiatives.
Fifth, leaders at all levels must go deep among the people and into production, promptly identifying and resolving problems, summarizing and disseminating advanced experiences, racing against time to fulfill state plans day by day and shift by shift.
The Liaoning Provincial Committee forwarded this report to all municipal committees and reported it to the Central Committee on August 11, 1959.
Mao Zedong’s commentary was written directly on the Liaoning Provincial Committee’s report. £´ 3

Telegram from Mao Zedong et al. Congratulating North Korea on the Fourteenth Anniversary of Liberation (August 14, 1959) To Comrade Kim Il-sung, Chairman of the Workers’ Party of Korea and Premier of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; To Comrade Choi Yong-kun, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People’s Assembly of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: On the occasion of the fourteenth anniversary of Korea’s liberation, on behalf of the Communist Party of China, the Government of the People’s Republic of China, and the Chinese people, we extend our warmest congratulations to the Workers’ Party of Korea, the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and the Korean people.
Under the correct leadership of the Workers’ Party of Korea and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, with Comrade Kim Il-sung at the helm, the Korean people have worked selflessly and displayed boundless creativity, advancing at the rapid pace of the “Thousand-Mile Horse” and successfully completing the industrial output target of the First Five-Year Plan two and a half years ahead of schedule.
The Chinese people are filled with immense joy and inspiration by the splendid achievements of our fraternal Korean people.
The Government and people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea have consistently pursued a policy of peaceful diplomacy, making tireless efforts to ease international tensions in the Far East and safeguard world peace.
The just struggle waged by the Korean people for the withdrawal of U.S. aggressor troops from South Korea and for the peaceful reunification of the motherland enjoys widespread support from peace-loving peoples around the world.
The Chinese people firmly stand in solidarity with our fraternal Korean compatriots in this just cause and are convinced that U.S. imperialism will surely be driven out, and that the Korean people’s endeavor to peacefully reunite their homeland will ultimately triumph.
Over the past year, the unbreakable fraternal friendship and close cooperation between the peoples of China and North Korea have been further consolidated and developed in the pursuit of mutual prosperity in the economic and cultural spheres and the happiness of both peoples.
This has played a significant role in strengthening the unity of the socialist camp led by the Soviet Union and in maintaining peace in Asia and the world.
We wish the Korean people even greater success in their socialist construction and in their struggle for the reunification of their homeland.
May the close friendship between the fraternal peoples of China and North Korea endure forever.
The Communist Party of China Chairman Mao Zedong President of the People’s Republic of China Liu Shaoqi Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China Zhu De Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China Zhou Enlai August 14, 1959 Based on the August 15, 1959 issue of the People’s Daily. £´ 5