(1954)
There should be an explanation in the preface.

This sentence is good, it should be adopted.
Not very appropriate?
Should be listed as a separate article.

[1]
The "Explanation" of Article 2 of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) stated, after quoting the original text of Article 5 of the Common Program, that it now removes the phrase "opposing imperialism and the people's enemies within all nationalities," and moves the meaning of the two sentences "making the People's Republic of China a big family of friendship and cooperation among all nationalities, opposing great-Han chauvinism and narrow nationalism" to the fifth paragraph of the preface. Mao Zedong's comment was directed at the deleted sentence.
[2]
The "Explanation" of Article 5 of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) stated: "The 'capitalist ownership' mentioned in this article includes rich peasants." Mao Zedong drew a vertical line next to "includes rich peasants" and wrote this comment.
[3]
This comment was directed at paragraph 2 of Article 11 of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript). The original text of paragraph 2 was: "No individual's private property may be used to oppose and harm the public interest." In the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, this paragraph was listed separately as Article 14 of the General Principles of the Constitution, and the wording was changed to: "The state prohibits anyone from using private property to undermine the public interest."

What is a citizen?
Engaging in internal turmoil to overthrow the government.
Includes strict and non-strict.

The removal of the Chairman of the State.

[1]
These three comments were written above Article 16 of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) and its "Explanation." Article 16 stipulated: "The People's Republic of China safeguards the people's democratic system, protects the safety and all legitimate rights and interests of all citizens, suppresses all counter-revolutionary activities, and punishes all traitors and counter-revolutionary elements who collude with foreign imperialism, betray the motherland, endanger the people, undermine the people's democratic system, and sabotage the cause of national construction." Mao Zedong drew two vertical lines next to "all citizens" and wrote the five characters "What is a citizen" above it. He also drew an insertion mark after "colluding with imperialism, betraying the motherland" and wrote the eight characters "engaging in internal turmoil to overthrow the government" above it. This article was accompanied by the following explanation: "In the corresponding article of the Common Program, the phrase 'severely punish' was originally used, which referred to 'principal culprits,' while the current provision in this article refers to all 'traitors and counter-revolutionary elements,' so the word 'severely' is not used to make the provision more flexible." Mao Zedong wrote the five characters "Includes strict and non-strict" above this "Explanation."
[2]
This comment was written above Article 32 of the first revised draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) regarding the exercise of the power of removal by the National People's Congress. The revised draft did not include the removal of the Chairman of the State. The constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, added corresponding content to this, stipulating in Article 28 that the National People's Congress has the power to remove the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the People's Republic of China.

The Chairman has the right to submit proposals, the nature of the resolutions of the Supreme Council.

Needed.

[1]
This comment was written above the section on the State Council in the first revised draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript). The revised draft did not mention the Chairman of the State's right to submit proposals or the nature of the resolutions of the Supreme Council. The draft constitution (first draft), discussion draft of March 18 and 19, 1954, proposed two amendments to the clauses related to this content in the explanation. One proposal was: "When necessary, convene a Supreme State Council meeting with the Vice-Chairman of the People's Republic of China, the Premier of the State Council, and other relevant personnel." The other proposal was: "When necessary, convene a Supreme State Council meeting with relevant personnel." Mao Zedong wrote "more appropriate" next to the former proposal. Article 43 of the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, stipulated the relevant content as: "The Chairman of the People's Republic of China convenes the Supreme State Council when necessary and serves as the Chairman of the Supreme State Council." "The Supreme State Council is composed of the Vice-Chairman of the People's Republic of China, the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the Premier of the State Council, and other relevant personnel." "The opinions of the Supreme State Council on major state affairs shall be submitted by the Chairman of the People's Republic of China to the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the State Council, or other relevant departments for discussion and decision."
[2]
The amendment explanation attached to Article 58 of the first revised draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) proposed: "The Nationalities Affairs Commission proposes that the autonomous regions of all nationalities be allowed to organize public security forces and militias in their respective autonomous regions. Whether this is necessary can be considered." Mao Zedong commented "needed" above this passage. Article 70 of the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, stipulated: "The organs of self-government of autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties organize local public security forces in accordance with the state's military system."

More appropriate.

This article should be moved to the General Principles.

[1]
Article 77 of the first revised draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) stipulated: "The state guarantees that citizens' freedom of residence is inviolable. Citizens' privacy of correspondence is protected by law." The attached amendment explanation proposed another option for this clause, which was to change "privacy of correspondence" to "freedom of correspondence." Mao Zedong drew a vertical line next to "freedom of correspondence" and commented "more appropriate." Article 90 of the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, stipulated: "The residences of citizens of the People's Republic of China are inviolable, and privacy of correspondence is protected by law."
[2]
This comment was written above Article 58 of the first draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript). The original text of this article was: "Local people's congresses at all levels and local people's governments at all levels, in performing their tasks, should always maintain close ties with the masses of the people, widely absorb the masses of the people to participate in and supervise the work of state management, and constantly pay attention to combating bureaucratic phenomena that are divorced from the masses." In the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, this article was written into Article 17 of the General Principles of the Constitution, and the wording was changed to: "All state organs must rely on the masses of the people, constantly maintain close ties with the masses, listen to the opinions of the masses, and accept the supervision of the masses."

Better not to write it.

Tian Jiaying:
Some opinions, please submit them to the Party group meeting for discussion.
Mao Zedong
The Vice-Chairman, entrusted, may exercise some of the Chairman's powers; this point must be added. Except for "simultaneously," all "shi" should be changed to "de shihou" (的时候, meaning "when").

"Land reform" is not formal, "of the system" should be added.
After "suppressing counter-revolutionaries," add "elements."

[1]
Article 80 of the first draft of the draft constitution (mimeographed typescript) stipulated: "Citizens of the People's Republic of China have the rights to freedom of speech, publication, assembly, association, procession, demonstration, and religious belief." Mao Zedong drew two vertical lines next to "procession, demonstration," put a question mark, and wrote this comment above it. In the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, the freedom of citizens to hold processions and demonstrations was still stipulated.
[2]
Tian Jiaying was Mao Zedong's secretary at the time and participated in the work of the constitution drafting group.

It is not appropriate to write "promulgate" here, to avoid discrepancies with the Chairman's powers.

This article should adopt Zhou Jisheng's opinion.

[1]
The second paragraph of the preface to the draft constitution (first draft), discussion and revision draft of March 18 and 19, 1954, had a sentence: "In the past few years, our people have carried out large-scale struggles such as land reform, resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea, suppressing counter-revolutionaries, and completing economic recovery with great success." Mao Zedong changed "land reform" in this sentence to "reform of the land system," added the two characters "fenzi" (分子, meaning "elements") after "suppressing counter-revolutionaries," and wrote this comment.
[2]
Article 36 of the draft constitution (first draft), discussion and revision draft of March 18 and 19, 1954, regarding the powers of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, had a fourth clause: "To adopt and promulgate resolutions and regulations with legal effect." When reviewing it, Mao Zedong deleted the three characters "he fabu" (和发布, meaning "and promulgate") in this clause and wrote this comment. In the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, this clause was changed to "enact laws."
[3]
Article 36 of the draft constitution (first draft), discussion and revision draft of March 18 and 19, 1954, regarding the powers of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, added an eleventh clause: "To approve and abolish treaties concluded with foreign countries." Mao Zedong wrote this comment next to this clause. Zhou Jisheng was a legal advisor hired by the Constitution Drafting Committee at the time. In the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954, this clause was changed to "To decide on the ratification and abrogation of treaties concluded with foreign countries."

This item should be restored and can be handled by the Vice-Chairman.

In March 1954, Mao Zedong and the members attending the first plenary meeting of the Constitution Drafting Committee of the People's Republic of China took a group photo.
[1]
Article 41 of the draft constitution (first draft), discussion and revision draft of March 18 and 19, 1954, regarding the powers of the Chairman of the State, deleted the original third clause: "To confer state medals, awards, and honorary titles." Mao Zedong commented this sentence next to the deleted clause. The content of this clause was retained in the constitution adopted by the First National People's Congress on September 20, 1954.