Comments and Revisions on
“Several Issues Concerning the Utilization, Restriction, and Transformation of Capitalist Industry and Commerce” [1]
(June 28, 1953)
(1) The capitalism of today is capitalism under the management of the people’s government, linked with and led by the socialist economy, and supervised by the workers, i.e., state capitalism.
(2) Criticism of the Party and the working class for still treating capitalist enterprises with the attitude of the Guomindang era.
(3) Explanation of “there are differences” and “treating equally.” Explanation of the policy of “giving consideration to both public and private interests and benefiting both labor and capital” under this principle.
(4) “Squeezing out” should be changed to gradual elimination.
(5) Regarding the arrangements for commercial labor and capital.
(6) Changed to
“Draft resolution of the [Central] Communist Party of China’s Xth National Representative Conference,
to be revised.”
(7) Concentrated in the Party Central Committee and Party committees at all levels,
day-to-day work entrusted to the United Front Work Department.
(8) Revise past laws and decrees, create some new laws and decrees.
The issue of raising the political level of workers.
The sixth economic form.
There is still considerable strength, vigilance is required.
Send immediately to Shangkun [1] for handling.
This document and its attachments are to be printed and distributed to all comrades who participated in the last discussion of this issue, and placed on the agenda for Monday. The printed copies should be delivered to each person this afternoon, and they should be notified to read them.
Mao Zedong
June 28, 1953, 4:00 a.m.
In July 1953, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed first publishing it in Party journals and submitting it

[1]
Shangkun, namely Yang Shangkun, then Director of the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.