Mr. Ren Zhi:
Your letter dated June 13, together with the enclosed documents, has been duly received. Many thanks. The points mentioned in the notification from the China National Democratic Construction Association are indeed appropriate. The issue concerning private enterprises has already been referred to the Finance Committee for study. This is my reply.
Respectfully,
Mao Zedong
June 14, 1953
[I)
Refers to several views summarized by Huang Yanpei from the issues and opinions raised at a symposium convened by the China National Democratic Construction Association on June 12, 1953. (1) Thanks to the significant efforts of the Chinese and Korean sides, an agreement on the repatriation of prisoners of war, based on our side’s proposals, has finally been reached. This constitutes an important step toward a peaceful resolution of the Korean question. While such a victorious situation naturally strengthens our confidence, we should avoid blind optimism. We need to simultaneously intensify both national construction and national defense. (2) The great campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, along with its brilliant achievements thus far, are all outcomes of the correct policy of “clearly drawing the line between friend and foe” being thoroughly implemented both at home and abroad. To advance from our current victories to even greater ones in the future, everyone must adhere to this policy in both thought and practice. (3) We ought to carry forward the revolutionary spirit of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea into every aspect of our national construction work. In the industrial and commercial sectors, we should further enhance entrepreneurial initiative, overcome difficulties, improve operations, and coordinate closely with the state’s economic development plans, so as to accelerate the completion of the First Five-Year Plan of New China. (4) Under the new changes in the international situation, all commercial, industrial, and other private enterprises must strictly abide by state laws and regulations, remain vigilant against the “five poisons,” and, in accordance with the national economic plan, play their role in contributing to the national economy and people’s livelihood in a well-managed and organized manner. (5) It is essential to strengthen study—studying current affairs, policies, and laws. Members of the China National Democratic Construction Association, in particular, should reinforce their leading role among industrialists and merchants through proper actions.

Messrs. Shu Tong and Ren Zhi:
Your letter dated June 12, along with the enclosed materials, has been received. Many thanks. This matter is currently under consideration, and it is expected that several possible solutions can be found. This is my reply. With respectful greetings,
Mao Zedong
June 14, 1953
[l]
In a letter dated June 12, 1953, Chen Shutong and Huang Yanpei wrote to Mao Zedong stating that recently the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and the China National Democratic Construction Association had jointly held symposiums on industrial and commercial issues in twelve cities including Beijing and Tianjin. These meetings put forward several suggestions regarding processing orders, purchase and exclusive sales, labor-management relations, small-scale industry and handicrafts, and taxation matters, all of which have since been submitted to the Industrial and Commercial Administration Bureau of the State Council’s Commission for Finance and Economics. Participants unanimously agreed that, due to insufficient coordination between the central and local federations of industry and commerce, local branches of the China National Democratic Construction Association, and relevant departments of the central and local governments, it would be impossible to resolve all problems completely at once. New issues would continue to arise, and it would be best if regular ad hoc symposiums were held frequently in both large and small cities across the country to facilitate consultative exchanges of views. Such practices have already yielded positive results in various regions. Therefore, they recommended that the State Council’s Commission for Finance and Economics instruct local industrial and commercial administrative organs and all concerned parties to follow suit.

Outline of Remarks Delivered at the Politburo Meeting
(June 15, 1953)
The general line serves as a guiding beacon illuminating all our work. Distinction and impartiality, balancing public and private interests, benefiting both labor and capital, and promoting production and economic prosperity—the former governs the latter. Several erroneous viewpoints exist: (1) establishing a new democratic social order; (2) transitioning directly from new democracy to socialism; (3) safeguarding private property. The Party’s task is to essentially complete the industrialization of the country and the socialist transformation within ten to fifteen years, or perhaps slightly longer. The so-called socialist transformation comprises three main areas: (a) agriculture; (b) handicrafts; and (c) capitalist enterprises. Gradual transition means that the proportion of socialist elements can increase year by year, and the fundamental components of the bourgeoisie are capable of being educated.