1. At that time, the Chinese people still did not know that they should distinguish between foreign governments and peoples, capitalists and workers, landlords and peasants. We should oppose the foreign landlords, capitalists, and government officials who were invading China; they are the imperialists. And in our propaganda, we should win over the foreign peoples. Not all foreigners are bad people who must be rejected. This is to say that the Chinese people at that time still...

2. Although the 1911 Revolution in practice played a role in opposing imperialism, because it overthrew the running dogs of imperialism—the Manchu Qing government—it naturally had an anti-imperialist effect, thus arousing the dissatisfaction of the imperialists with the 1911 Revolution, who did not help Sun Yat-sen but helped Yuan Shikai. However, the revolutionaries at the time were not subjectively aware of this point, and believed that...