2. The big bourgeoisie have a comprador character; they have connections with
foreign capital. Big banks and big commercial enterprises, as well as large-scale
industry associated with foreign capital, belong to this category. They are the major powerholders at present, and include people such as Chiang Kaishek, Kong
Xiangxi, Song Ziwen, and Yu Qiaqing.5
3. The national bourgeoisie are controlled by the big bourgeoisie. They have
few connections with foreign capital, and basically they do not have any political
power at present. They advocate uniting for the War of Resistance and include
such people as Chen Guangfu, Mu Ouchu, Kang Xinru, and Fan Xudong.6
4. Distinguish the big landlords from the enlightened gentry. Once again, taking the individual as the unit, investigate several dozen to one hundred in every
category.
5. Investigate by province. Let Enlai please be responsible for the investigation
in the five provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, and Hubei. Kenong
will be responsible for the investigation in the three provinces of Guangxi,

Guangdong, and Fujian, as well as in Hong Kong. Xiao Yao7 will be responsible
for the investigation in the four provinces of Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Jiangsu,
as well as in Shanghai. Kenong's and Xiao Yao's reports must be sent to Enlai by
December 1 so that he can bring them to Yan'an, and they can be used for the
Seventh National Party Congress.
6. Everyone must have his own file, which should include place of birth, age,
family background, résumé, faction, financial activities, hobbies, political orientation, attitude toward us, and so on.
7. As regards the investigation of army officers, there should be four items:
commanders-in-chief, army commanders, division commanders, and regimental
commanders. Everyone must have his own file, which should also include résumé,
faction, financial activities, political orientation, attitude toward us, and so on.
8. The aforementioned investigation should be called the list of eminent persons. We will start first with economic and military circles. In the future we might
add political and cultural figures as well.

Mao undertaken. Ye Jianying, Li Kenong, and Rao Shushi all had experience either of intelligence work or of liaison with the Guomindang or with the Soviet Union. Thus each of them
was well situated to gather the sorts of intelligence for which Mao was calling.

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Notes

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5. Kong Xiangxi (1881-1967), commonly referred to in English-language accounts as
H.H. K'ung (from the Wade-Giles romanization of his name, K'ung Hsiang-hsi), was a
native of Shanxi who served as minister of finance from 1933 to 1944 and as president of
the Executive Yuan in 1938-1939. Song Ziwen (1894-1971), commonly known in his
lifetime as T.V. Soong, was a native of Guangdong, and was minister of finance from 1928
to 1933. At this time he was Chiang Kaishek's personal representative in the United States.
Chiang and Kong were married to two of the Song sisters, so these three influential figures
were brothers-in-law. Yu Hede (1867-1945), zi Qiaoqing, was a native of Zhejiang. He was
a wealthy businessman and banker who had been chairman of the Shanghai Chamber of
Commerce in the 1920s, and who had provided financial support to Chiang Kaishek.

6. Chen Huide (1881-1976), zi Guangfu, was a native of Jiangsu. In 1915, he founded
the Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank, which extended its operations into the interior of China and into the field of agricultural credit, instead of confining its activities to the
foreign concessions like most other banks. In 1938-1940, he negotiated credits for China
from the United States and also served as chairman of the Foreign Trade Commission of the
Ministry of Finance, then headed by Kong Xiangxi. Mu Xiangyue (1876-1942), zi Ouchu,
was born in Shanghai. Though he lacked formal education, he succeeded in gaining admission to the University of Illinois and then to Texas A & M, from which he earned an M.S.
degree in 1914, specializing in the study of the textile industry. On his return to China, he
established a cotton mill in Shanghai and played an important role in the development of
the textile industry in China. At this time, he was director of the National Government's
cotton, yarn, and cloth control bureau. Kang Xinru (1890-1969), a native of Sichuan, had
founded numerous periodicals and newspapers beginning in 1912. At this time, he was also
a banking executive in Chengdu. Fan Rui (1883-1945), zi Xudong, a native of Hunan, had
studied in Japan and also spent some time in Europe. Beginning in the 1920s, he played an
important role in the salt and chemical industries. In 1938, he became a member of the
People's Political Council.

7. Yao is an alternative xing for Rao Shushi. Presumably Mao refers to him as Xiao Yao
or "Little Yao" because he was born a decade later than Mao and the others addressed here.