How should the land-enquiry campaign be carried out? First, organizational mobilization is required. All experience within the Soviet areas in leading mass struggles has shown that only when the Communist Party, the Soviets, and the revolutionary mass organizations act in concert under the Party’s leadership can each struggle task be fully accomplished. The land-enquiry campaign is a fierce and intense class struggle; it is a great revolutionary movement of the masses, the very foundation for improving the work of the Party, the Soviets, and the mass organizations, and at present it constitutes the most important link in our overall work. Only by mobilizing the full strength of the entire Party and all Soviet trade unions to join this campaign can we successfully launch, develop, and complete it.  As for Party mobilization, the Central Bureau has already issued correct instructions. Regarding Soviet mobilization, we must first oppose the past tendency to regard the land-enquiry campaign as merely the responsibility of the Land Commissariat. Not only did the Finance, Military, National Economy, and Education Commissariats consider themselves entirely unrelated to the campaign, but even the Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspection Commission, the Judiciary, and the Political Security Bureau likewise saw little connection with it. Even the Presidiums often failed to oversee the campaign—this was entirely wrong. It must be understood that no single part of the Soviet apparatus can remain aloof from the land-enquiry movement.  First, the Presidiums of governments at all levels must devote their utmost attention to directing the entire land-enquiry initiative. Second, the Land Commissariats, Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspection Commissions, Judiciaries, State Political Security Bureaus, and their special envoys at all levels are the principal organs responsible for leadership and implementation in the land-enquiry campaign. To thoroughly resolve the land question, reorganize the three-tiered system of village, township, and county Soviets, and purge counterrevolutionaries from the countryside, these government departments must exert their maximum effort. The Finance Commissariat should focus on using fines imposed on landlords and contributions from rich peasants to strike at the remnants of feudalism while simultaneously increasing state revenue. The Military Commissariat should concentrate on reorganizing and expanding local armed forces during the campaign, actively recruiting mass activists into the Red Army. The National Economy Commissariat should take advantage of the campaign’s progress to restore and develop agricultural and handicraft production, promote cooperative societies, and regulate the distribution of both producer and consumer goods. The Education Commissariat also has an important role: it should provide concise, popular textbooks and pamphlets to all cadres and masses engaged in the land-enquiry campaign, and, as the campaign unfolds, it should expand cultural and educational work among the masses.  At present, the majority of trade union members in the Soviet areas reside in rural regions and have close ties to the land. Since the land-enquiry campaign is a great and intense class struggle, the proletariat must be its most resolute leader. Therefore, whether agricultural, industrial, craft, or other types of unions, they must, under the leadership of the All-China Executive Committee, mobilize their best cadres and all rural members to participate in the campaign, playing a key role in stimulating and encouraging the Poor Peasants’ Groups and putting forward vigorous, resolute proposals for land investigation, class differentiation, and the transformation of local governments. In short, the land-enquiry campaign is no ordinary small undertaking; it cannot be fully completed in a day, nor even in half a year. Hence, large-scale, coordinated mobilization involving the Party, the Soviets, and the trade unions is essential.  Let us now turn to the question of training cadres. First, meetings should be convened for lower-level officials to provide them with a thorough explanation of several key issues in the land-enquiry campaign. In the past, many Soviet functionaries at various levels lacked a proper understanding of the campaign as an urgent task; they did not know how to accurately classify social classes, nor did they grasp the lines and methods for rallying the masses and initiating struggle. Consequently, they were unable to effectively advance the campaign. Second, such training should also be extended to cadres transferred from lower-level units as well as those dispatched from more advanced areas. Short-term training courses on the land-enquiry campaign should be organized for them, with provincial and county governments holding these courses repeatedly, each lasting one to two weeks. These courses should focus specifically on the main problems of the campaign. The Land Commissariats, Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspection Commissions, and Political Security Bureaus at the provincial, county, and district levels should each assign a team of staff (with district-level teams remaining locally based and continuing their regular work) and provide comprehensive instruction on land-enquiry work to their respective groups. Third, practical on-the-job training is also necessary: provincial and county authorities should dispatch inspectors to conduct field visits, while district-level bodies should convene every five to seven days with their own dispatched workers and the chairmen of village Soviets and leaders of Poor Peasants’ Groups to review their progress. Without this final method, despite the first two approaches, it will be impossible to achieve the greatest possible effectiveness in the work.  (Originally published in “Red China” in June 1933)