People of all China! After Manchuria, Rehe, and Shanghai were sacrificed at the hands of the Nationalist Nanjing Government headed by Chiang Kai-shek, now Peiping–Tientsin and Chahar have likewise been betrayed by these lackeys of imperialism. The Nationalist Nanjing Government has fully implemented the precondition for “peace negotiations”: the withdrawal of all armed forces from Peiping–Tientsin and the surrender of that region to Japanese imperialism. The so-called “peace negotiations” entail the following: (1) the Chinese army is to withdraw south of Peiping–Tientsin, with the area south of the Great Wall designated as a buffer zone (the so-called “neutral zone”); (2) the Chinese side is to recognize the “Manchukuo” and the “Mongolian State”; (3) all activities of the Volunteer Armies and the development of anti-Manchukuo forces are to be suppressed, and at an appropriate time the Volunteer Armies and all anti-Japanese troops are to be disarmed; (4) the Chinese side is to guarantee the cessation of all anti-Japanese movements. “Peace negotiations” have already succeeded. Within Beijing, representatives of Japanese imperialism, together with such Chinese traitors as Huang Fu and He Yingqin, along with the British imperialist mediator Lord Lansdowne, are celebrating their victory at a banquet. Outside Beijing, in Manchuria, Rehe, Chahar, and around Peiping–Tientsin, Japanese imperialists continue to bomb and massacre anti-Japanese Volunteer Armies, revolutionary soldiers, and countless peaceful residents with their artillery and aircraft, in order to establish “peace and order” under Japanese imperialist colonial rule.

People of all China! Manchuria, Mongolia, and Peiping–Tientsin have been finally sold out by the landlord-bourgeois Nationalist Party. This is the true meaning of the Nationalist Party’s “protracted resistance”; this is the essence of its policy of “resisting on one front while negotiating on another”; this is the Central Committee’s “settled course.” The wicked Nationalist Party, with Chiang Kai-shek at its head, has thus shamelessly and brazenly handed over to Japanese imperialism the vast territories of Manchuria and Mongolia—covering tens of millions of square li—and the entire Peiping–Tientsin region, home to tens of millions of people. Moreover, it is even preparing to reward the British imperialists for their mediation by ceding Tibet, Xikang, Xinjiang, and other extensive areas.

People of all China! We are the masters of the Chinese nation. We will never permit Japanese imperialism or any other imperialist power to encroach upon a single inch of our land, nor will we allow the Nationalist Party—imperialism’s lackey—to betray China so shamelessly and boldly! We must unite in solidarity, arm ourselves, and expand the national revolutionary war. Relying on the strength of four hundred million people, we shall overthrow imperialism and its lackey, the Nationalist warlords, beginning with the Nationalist Nanjing Government led by Chiang Kai-shek. Only through the blood-soaked struggle of the entire Chinese people can we recover our lost lands and achieve national independence, liberation, and territorial integrity for the Chinese nation.



The Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic and the Revolutionary Military Commission have repeatedly proposed to the armed forces attacking the Chinese Soviet regions that they conclude a combat agreement under the following three conditions to resist Japanese imperialist aggression: (1) immediately cease the offensive against the Soviet areas; (2) immediately guarantee the democratic rights of the people; (3) immediately arm the people and form armed volunteer armies to defend China and strive for its independence, unity, and territorial integrity. However, the Nationalist response to this call from the Soviet government has been further capitulation and betrayal to Japanese imperialism: forcing Northeastern anti-Japanese soldiers to retreat, disarming the Northeast Volunteer Army, suppressing all anti-Japanese and anti-imperialist movements among the Chinese people, mobilizing new forces to attack our Soviet areas, and dispatching large numbers of aircraft to bomb the working masses and peaceful residents within those areas.

Now every worker, every peasant, every soldier, every student, and every revolutionary can plainly see who the traitors are and who serves as lackeys of imperialism! Unless the Nationalist Party is overthrown, China will perish, and its people will forever be reduced to slaves of imperialism!  The Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic calls upon all the people of China, the Northeast Volunteer Army, the anti-Japanese soldiers of the Northeast, the revolutionary students, intellectuals, professionals, and all revolutionaries throughout the country to unite in solidarity, arm themselves, and rise up in opposition to the oppression and massacres perpetrated by imperialist agents and Nationalist military and police. Let us fight against Japanese imperialist aggression, against the Nationalist government’s betrayal of China, and for the liberation of the Chinese nation.

While engaged in fierce, bloody battles that have utterly shattered the four successive imperialist and Nationalist sieges of the Soviet areas, the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic is establishing vast revolutionary base areas across China and raising a million-strong Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, preparing to converge on the Yangtze River and engage in direct combat with Japan and all imperialist powers. Through its long struggle against imperialism and the Nationalist Party, the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic has demonstrated to the entire Chinese people that it alone represents the genuine political power of the masses in their fight against imperialism and the Nationalist Party; only it can lead the Chinese people to overthrow Japanese imperialism and all other imperialist forces, to topple the treacherous Nationalist government in Nanjing headed by Chiang Kai-shek, and to eliminate all Nationalist warlord traitors.

People of all China! Unite, arm yourselves, and join forces with the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic to expand the national revolutionary war—to reclaim the lost territories of the Northeast, to defend China, and to strive for the liberation of the Chinese nation.

Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic; Xiang Ying, Vice Chairman; Zhang Guotao, May 30th