July 1933. Fellow revolutionary people throughout the country! The Kuomintang government, an appendage of the landlord-bourgeois class and a docile lackey of imperialism, has been conducting the Dalian Conference—with even greater treachery and shamelessness than before—for the past week. On the afternoon of July 5, at the headquarters of the Japanese Military Police in Dalian, they signed a new Dalian Agreement, one more concrete and more disgraceful than the North China Armistice Agreement of May 30. Amidst fervent congratulations from the deputy commander of the Japanese Kwantung Army and amidst a drunken, disorderly celebration marking the success of their treason, Kuomintang agents such as Lei Shouyun actually raised champagne glasses and shook hands with representatives of Manchukuo—whom the Kuomintang had once derisively labeled “puppets”—as they toasted the birth of their new alliance and affixed their final signatures to a pact sealing the betrayal of the Chinese nation’s interests.

The main provisions of this new treasonous agreement are as follows: (1) The Kuomintang government formally recognizes Manchukuo and nominally incorporates its forces stationed around Luanzhou into its own army; (2) Japan establishes surveillance garrisons in various counties of North China, including Miyun and Louchow; (3) The Beining Railway line between Peiping and Luanzhou is placed under joint administration. By this agreement, the Kuomintang has not only de facto recognized Manchukuo but has also brazenly entered into a puppet alliance with it, pledging unwavering loyalty to their common master, Japanese imperialism. Recent developments show that the Kuomintang government has already acceded to Manchukuo’s demands, agreeing to restore postal and telegraphic communications with Manchukuo in the near future and to change the routing of mail bound for Europe from Vladivostok via Siberia. These irrefutable facts expose the Kuomintang’s claim before the public that Manchukuo is merely a “puppet” as nothing more than shameless propaganda. In truth, the Kuomintang itself is no less a faithful puppet of Japanese imperialism, and it and Manchukuo are simply fellow lackeys.

The Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic, speaking on behalf of the entire nation, resolutely opposes the Kuomintang’s shameful, treasonous agreement reached at the Dalian Conference and utterly rejects every single clause of that pact. We call upon workers, peasants, soldiers, and all revolutionaries across the country to unite in opposition to the recent Kuomintang-sponsored Dalian Conference of national betrayal, launching vigorous revolutionary struggle: strikes, boycotts of markets and schools, work stoppages, mass demonstrations, and the formation of armed detachments—to oppose and prevent the implementation of the Dalian Agreement. The people of the whole country must recognize that, under the puppet alliance between the Kuomintang and Manchukuo, Japanese imperialist bandits will inevitably intensify and expand their aggression in China on an even larger scale—from launching active offensives into Chahar and Suiyuan to plundering the southeastern coastal provinces—in concert with other imperialist powers to carve up China. At the same time, these Japanese marauders—the eastern gendarmes of international imperialism—are continuing their recent frenzied provocations against the Soviet Union, and they will surely embark on a military adventure of open armed intervention against the fraternal Soviet Union. Only the Anti-Japanese Red Army, currently in the process of decisively crushing the imperialist Kuomintang’s fourth “encirclement campaign,” constitutes the true armed force of the revolutionary masses nationwide.

To secure China’s national independence, liberation, and territorial integrity, the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic calls upon all the people and the revolutionary soldiers within the Nationalist army to unite under the banner of the Soviets, launch a revolutionary national war, overthrow the imperialist Kuomintang, and consign them to the dustbin of history. Zhang Guozou, Co-Chairperson