China has yet to emerge from an agrarian economy; farmers account for 90 percent of total production.
To implement the Premier’s Three Principles of the People, the paramount task is to liberate the peasantry.
Given that peasants constitute over 80 percent of our nation’s population—roughly 300 million out of 400 million—the Chinese Nationalist Revolution is, in essence, a peasant revolution.
To consolidate its foundations, we must first and foremost emancipate the peasantry.
Based on these considerations, the Kuomintang should, at all times and in all places, take the peasant movement as its foundation—whether political or economic—and make the interests of the peasantry the primary focus of party policy.
Government actions, too, must be guided by those interests and aimed at their liberation, for the emancipation of the peasantry represents the completion of a major portion of the national revolution and constitutes the very basis for the realization of our Party’s Three Principles of the People.

Since the inception of the peasant movement in Guangdong, barely seven months ago, peasant associations have been established in thirty-seven counties, with membership now exceeding 620,000 and an organized peasant militia numbering 30,000.
In our previous campaign against Yang and Liu, as well as in the recent unification of Guangdong, the peasantry participated vigorously and effectively, thereby demonstrating both the progress of our movement among them, their urgent desire for self-emancipation, and their active engagement in the national revolution.
Beyond Guangdong, similar movements are burgeoning throughout the Pearl River basin (Guangxi), the Yangtze River basin (Hunan, Hubei, Anhui), and the Yellow River basin (Shandong, Henan, Zhili, Rehe, Chahar, Suiyuan and other special administrative regions). However, organizational development remains insufficient, and the impact is still limited.
If our Party is to mobilize the peasantry nationwide into the political struggle, it must devote itself wholeheartedly to the central and northern regions of China; only then can we, within the shortest possible time, bring about the systematic organization of peasants across the country and direct their efforts toward the national revolution.
Accordingly, our Party must urgently formulate a unified national plan for the peasant movement and secure the necessary funding to ensure its implementation.

On the foregoing grounds, the Congress adopted three resolutions concerning the peasant movement—political, economic, and educational:  1. Political:   a) Guide the peasantry to organize themselves as a mass force and participate actively in the national revolution;   b) Eliminate warlords, comprador capitalists, corrupt officials, venal gentry, and local tyrants who impede the peasants’ interests;   c) Disband armed groups oppressing the peasantry;   d) Establish clear principles for peasant self-organization and self-defense;   e) At all times, the Party and the government shall stand firmly on the side of the peasants’ interests and fight for them;   f) Enact a Peasant Protection Law;   g) Implement standardized weights and measures.  2. Economic:   a) Prohibit usury targeting the peasantry;   b) Set maximum rental rates and minimum grain prices;   c) Reduce tenant labor hours and increase wages;   d) Abolish exorbitant taxes, miscellaneous levies, and unauthorized surcharges; halt advance collection of taxes and grain dues, and eliminate taxes imposed on landless peasants;   e) Ban the system of contract farming;   f) Promptly establish peasant banks and promote cooperative enterprises;   g) Expedite land reclamation and irrigation improvements to enhance agriculture;   h) Conduct surveys of wasteland and allocate it to unemployed poor peasants;   i) Crack down on profiteers who monopolize prices;   j) Improve working conditions and remuneration for young and female agricultural laborers.  3. Educational:   a) Rigorously implement compulsory and supplementary education in rural areas;   b) Utilize local public funds to set up various types of peasant adult education schools;   c) Intensify propaganda efforts to encourage peasants to take the initiative in establishing schools of their own.

In order to alleviate the suffering of the peasantry and transform them into an organized mass force capable of advancing the revolution, our Party must exercise strict, meticulous, and comprehensive planning in organizing its internal affairs.
Having assessed the progress made in the peasant movement over the past year, the Congress recognizes significant advances but emphasizes the need for continued strenuous effort.
With this in mind, the following provisions are hereby laid down:  All provincial party committees shall establish peasant departments and maintain close ties with the Central Peasant Department, implementing the latter’s unified action plan.
Under the guidance of the Central Committee, appropriate sites in the central and northern regions of the country are to be selected for the establishment of peasant movement training centers, so as to expand the scope and reach of the peasant movement nationwide.
Furthermore, the budget for the peasant movement shall be determined and substantially increased.
The propaganda departments of provincial, regional, and municipal party committees are to maintain close relations with their respective peasant departments and, more importantly, with the Central Peasant Department, thereby integrating this movement into the Party’s overall, unified program.