The First National Congress of the Chinese Nationalist Party regarded one of its most important tasks as propagating the revolutionary principles of the Party—the complete Three Principles of the People—so that the Three Principles of the People might be fully realized with the success of the National Revolution. If among the Three Principles of the People, only one or two are realized but not all of them, the National Revolution still cannot be deemed a success. However, this Congress deeply understands that the principles of democracy and people's livelihood must await the definite completion and solid establishment of the principle of nationalism before they can be realized. This is the bequeathed thought of our Premier, which this Congress is determined to accept. During the period between the close of the First Congress and the convening of the Third Congress, the Party shall mobilize and assemble all revolutionary forces to bring about the realization of nationalism in the shortest possible time. This is the most urgent work of the Party, and the Party newspapers of the Nationalist Party should devote themselves to it above all else. The significance of nationalism, as pointed out by the First National Congress, lies in extricating China from the condition of a sub-colony and advancing her to a position of equality with other nations of the world. The Premier stated that a sub-colony is a nation ruled by multiple imperialist powers. Thus, the condition of a sub-colony is more severe than that of a colony ruled by a single imperialist power. The Premier also said that nationalism means making China unified and governed by a central government under a Five-Power Constitution. The First National Congress demands that the Party newspapers constantly instruct the people regarding two key points in nationalism: first, to cast off the oppression of imperialism and become independent; second, to realize a domestically unified government based on the Five-Power Constitution. To realize a domestically unified government, it is first necessary to overthrow imperialism. The Party's official newspapers should point out that before China has freed herself from the condition of a sub-colony, any attempt to achieve unification based on the Party's Five-Power Constitution or other laws is a dangerous fantasy. Past failures of the Party can all serve as cautionary evidence. The Party newspapers should further point out that under the shackles of unequal treaties, it is impossible to seek economic progress to meet China's demands. The more conspicuously the economy of the nation's commercial ports develops, the more firmly entrenched the power of foreign capitalists to dominate the nation's finances becomes; as a result, China's interior grows increasingly impoverished, and domestic industries and banking enterprises gradually become appendages to foreign economies. This is what the Party newspapers must constantly pay attention to and highlight. Party members who serve in schools at all levels, engage in social and economic surveys, and fully agree with the First National Congress's interpretation of nationalism should participate in the editorial work of the Party newspapers, exerting their knowledge and expressive abilities to prove that the Party's propositions on industrial development are correct and beyond any doubt. The Party newspapers should further, according to systematic plans, show students, workers, peasants, and merchants how, after the abolition of unequal treaties, they can satisfy their own demands. After the peasant masses gain welfare, the market for domestic goods will certainly expand; the expansion of the market for domestic goods will lead to an increased demand for labor, resulting in wage increases and improvements in living conditions. As the economic conditions of the worker and peasant classes improve, the scope of service for the intellectual class—teachers, engineers, managers—will also expand. During this period, commerce will naturally make substantial progress. The Party newspapers should point out that these various improvements and advances can only be attained after the abolition of unequal treaties, the recovery of customs administration rights, and the unification of China. Therefore, students, workers, peasants, and merchants nationwide must participate in the National Revolution movement led by the Chinese Nationalist Party. Plans for national salvation have filled China. Yet, among these plans, any that do not include the abolition of unequal treaties, the recovery of concessions, and customs administration rights must be identified by the Party newspapers as dangerous propaganda and obstacles to China's unification and liberation. On this point, Party members must particularly maintain a firm stance. The commentary of Party newspapers must be constructive, not purely destructive, and should be easily understood by the masses, not read only by a minority. The First National Congress further instructs the Party newspapers to propagate the following slogans and policies: (1) Guangdong is the base of the Chinese National Revolution movement. (2) Because Guangdong is under the governance of the Nationalist Party, which is loyal to the Premier's bequeathed teachings and the guidance of the First National Congress, it has achieved great progress in administration, military affairs, finance, and economy. The people of Guangdong have gradually developed a deep faith in the doctrines and conduct of the Nationalist Party. (3) All who oppose the National Government, attempt to overthrow its political power, sabotage its reputation, or form separate cliques to conspire against it are counterrevolutionaries, or are wittingly or unwittingly aiding counterrevolutionaries. (4) In Guangdong, the Nationalist Party is undertaking the task of unifying national politics. The success of the Nationalist Party in Guangdong will facilitate the realization of the National Revolution. All obstacles that may hinder Guangdong's success must be swept away without regard to personal considerations and without fear of danger. (5) Every Party member must regard the interests of the National Revolution as superior not only to their own personal interests, but also the interests of their family, relatives, or other groups cannot be compared with the interests of the National Revolution. (6) The Nationalist Party is not a mutual-aid group, but a revolutionary party fighting for China's freedom and unification. Anyone unable to engage in the work of the National Revolution, or who forgets this great responsibility, has betrayed the hopes of the Premier and the nation. Such a state of affairs must never be tolerated within the Nationalist Party. (7) The Party's discipline is a weapon for overthrowing imperialism and warlords and unifying China. Anyone who violates the Party's discipline is like a soldier who deserts in the face of battle. (8) Paying mere lip service to revolution without obeying the commands of higher organs, or failing to carry out orders once received, are acts in violation of discipline. Only by uttering revolutionary discourse and doing more revolutionary work can the National Revolution be furthered. (9) Party members, in sacrificing themselves out of love for their compatriots, cannot avoid taking harsh measures against a small minority. If the four hundred million compatriots cannot be unified by peaceful means, force will also be necessary. The meaning of force lies in organization and discipline. Individual Party members are elements controlled by the Party; the interests of individual Party members are encompassed within the interests of the Party. Hence, the interests of Party members should be sacrificed for the interests of the Party. (10) Only a Nationalist Party with good organization and strict discipline can, after annihilating internal and external enemies, establish a National Government. The late Premier fought for China and sacrificed himself for the revolution, steadfastly for forty years as if it were a single day. We who come after must take him as our model. (11) The Party need only ask its members: Can you devote yourselves to the movement to abolish unequal treaties? Can you strive to overthrow the warlords? Can you strive to establish the Nationalist Party's National Government to unify the whole country? If so, he is a member of the Nationalist Party. It is indeed a grave error that the Party newspapers have mostly failed to disclose and explain domestic events. The training of Party members and the cultivation of Party leaders cannot be derived from abstract principles. It is necessary to utilize existing facts, explain them to Party members, and analyze their political significance in order to increase the revolutionary experience of Party members and encourage their revolutionary courage. The Party takes current events as the object of study and unceasingly struggles for the people of the whole nation. The Party newspapers are the teachers of all Party members. When explaining current events, the Party newspapers should point out their causes and their impact on the National Revolution. For example, an incident in which coolies are beaten and insulted by imperialists is of very great significance; the Party newspapers should immediately publish it in an important column and use it to clarify the necessity of the National Revolution. The miserable conditions of workers in factories and mines should be described in detail. The reason for the workers' impoverished lives lies in the backwardness of China's industries. Why are China's industries backward? Because of the shackles of unequal treaties. Warlords often use slogans of fighting for the nation and the people to agitate and deceive the masses; the Party newspapers should point to facts and attack the contradictions between their words and deeds. When Chinese newspapers and books spread the civilization of imperialism or publicize their verbal professions of friendship toward China, the Party newspapers must attack them and not lightly let pass such opportunities. The Party newspapers should not only point out the political and economic aggression of imperialists but also highlight their cultural aggression, which is sufficient to undermine the ideology of the National Revolution, split the ranks of the intellectuals, and anesthetize the psychology of the general revolutionary masses. The Party newspapers should take special care to guard against this danger. On this point, the Party newspapers should propagate the following slogans: (1) China's freedom and unification can only be realized by ideas born within China's own circumstances, especially the knowledge generated from the masses' conditions of seeking survival. Imperialist scholarship cannot save China. (2) Scholarship, academic thought, and academic research that are not aimed at the masses' demands for social and economic liberation and for survival are all worthless dross. (3) The slogan for intellectuals should be: "Go to the masses!" China's liberation can only be found among the masses. (4) Any element divorced from the masses loses its footing in society. All of his activities are ineffectual. (5) The imperialists spend millions upon millions to overcome our thinking; we must very courageously defeat their schemes. (6) The imperialists spend millions upon millions to propagate Christianity; this is a very formidable tool they use to undermine our nationalism. On all the above points, the Party newspapers should engage in special propaganda and instruct the intellectuals to strive to introduce nationalism to the masses of the entire nation. Under no circumstances should they willingly become tools for disseminating imperialist civilization. The First National Congress attaches the utmost importance to the work of the Party newspapers, and therefore instructs the Central Executive Committee and the provincial executive committees to uphold the Party's propaganda policies in daily and weekly newspapers, without allowing any hesitation. The editors of daily and weekly newspapers shall be appointed by the Central Executive Committee and provincial executive committees, and their discourse shall be supervised. As the central and provincial committees bear full responsibility for Party policies, they may, at their discretion, replace editors or abolish the respective propaganda organs. The Central Party Headquarters shall establish investigators to supply reports and editorial materials to the various Party newspapers. The Propaganda Department of the Central Executive Committee shall, in accordance with Party resolutions on a particular current event issue, periodically notify the various Party organs.