Recently, the populace of Beijing and Shanghai have risen up to oppose Duan and Zhang. Guo Songling has turned his spearhead against them. The populace of all important provinces and regions recognize this political change as an expression of the national people's revolution, and have responded in succession, filling the entire nation. Because on the one hand, this war shows that the nationwide anti-Fengtian high tide has already pressed the Fengtian warlord clique to the point of having to differentiate and break apart, making the success of opposing Fengtian and overthrowing Duan easier; on the other hand, it also shows that the populace, lacking armed active action, has turned the Zhili-Fengtian war into a bloodless success for the populace and the warlords, the result of which will be that the people are still unable to seize political power and restore their status as masters of the country. The populace in all localities, in view of this, has risen up to stage violent demonstrations. After the eruption in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, Wuchang, and Changsha have all risen up in unison. The revolutionary high tide shakes the realm. Guangdong is the vanguard of the Chinese revolution. At this time when the foundation of the revolution is consolidated and the nationwide anti-Fengtian tide is surging, it should naturally rise up and give chase, leading the people of the whole nation in a great revolutionary movement to unify the entire country. Therefore, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the Canton-Hong Kong Strike Committee, the Workers' Representatives' Council, the Provincial Peasants' Association, the Young Soldiers' Federation, the Revolutionary Youth Federation, the Guangzhou Students' Federation, the New Students' General Society, the Hong Kong Students' Federation, the Guangzhou Chamber of Commerce, and other major popular organizations have jointly requested the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee to initiate an anti-Duan demonstration and procession, and to urge the Nationalist Government to prepare to dispatch troops for the Northern Expedition, to be sure to overthrow the traitorous and calamitous Duan government, establish a unified national government of the people, and abolish all unequal treaties, so that the National Revolution may be completed in a short time. The various organizations have held several preparatory meetings and decided on November 20 as the date for the demonstration and procession, and have issued a propaganda outline as follows:

Propaganda Outline for Aiding the Anti-Duan Demonstration Movement in Beijing and Shanghai

(1) The ease of Wu Peifu's defeat last year, who was known for his use of troops; the immense and unrivaled prestige of Zhang Zuolin after defeating Wu Peifu, yet his rout upon a single contact with Sun Chuanfang, and his collapse before even opening battle with the Guominjun—this can prove that China's warlords are already in a state of extremely rapid collapse.

(2) The anti-imperialist movement after May 30th, due to the devastation by the warlord Zhang Zuolin, was unable to fight a decisive battle to the death with imperialism. Therefore, the populace wishes to eradicate Zhang Zuolin, so that the anti-imperialist movement can achieve victory. With the daily growing power of the populace fighting against the daily declining warlord Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Zuolin's downfall is a matter of course. The reason Sun Chuanfang was able to use a small number of troops to drive out several hundred thousand Fengtian troops from Jiangsu and Anhui in the shortest period of time without a single battle is because Sun Chuanfang happened to stand in the position of a tool of the popular forces. The Fengtian army, due to the pressure of the popular forces, was bound to have a rupture occur within it; this is why the matter of Guo Songling raising troops to oppose Fengtian occurred.

(3) Last year, although there was Mr. Sun Yat-sen's advocacy, the popular forces were not able to unite and rise up, causing the opportunity for the people to seize political power to be lost, and allowing the warlord forces to re-solidify, and thus again use the handle of political power to continue their service to imperialism to exploit and oppress the people. This time, the ruling warlord Fengtian Zhang has fallen. If the people do not rise up and take his place in power, then political power will still fall into the hands of the warlords. The fall of Fengtian Zhang this time relied on the people's unconscious tools, Sun Chuanfang of the Zhili clique and Guo Songling of the Fengtian clique, and not directly on the power of the people themselves or the power of their conscious tools. If the people do not now urgently rise up and give chase, to seize political power into their own hands, then the warlords will surely continue their rule over China, and prolong the oppression and suffering of the Chinese people. Because no matter who the continuing warlord is, their fawning on imperialism and oppression of the people will be the same, for this is the inherent nature of warlords.

(4) The recent uprising of the Beijing populace is precisely an expression of the people's unwillingness to suffer this kind of oppression by imperialism and warlords any longer, and their attempt to seize political power. The populace of all localities should respond to the Beijing popular movement, demand that political power be returned to the people, overthrow the Duan government, organize a people's government, guarantee the people's freedoms, convene a National Assembly, and cancel the unequal treaties.

(5) Whether these demands of the people can be achieved depends greatly on the attitude of the Guominjun, because since Fengtian Zhang lost power in the Beijing political situation, its center of gravity has completely shifted to the Guominjun. However, the attitude of the Guominjun is entirely determined by whether the popular forces are formidable or not. If the people can have a large-scale movement and make a serious representation to the Guominjun, then the Guominjun can surely decide its attitude toward the people taking power sooner.

(6) Guangdong is the foundation of the Chinese National Revolution. Guangdong occupies an extremely important position in the Chinese National Revolution movement. The strengthening and development of Guangdong affects the development of the national movement. In a short period of time, Guangdong has been able to clear out all counter-revolutionary forces in the entire province. Hong Kong has submitted and is willing to send representatives to resolve the strike. If the people of Guangdong can unanimously support the striking workers in the negotiations, then the resolution for the striking workers will surely be able to guarantee the striking workers' future great movement. The provinces have successively expressed goodwill and a non-hostile attitude toward Guangdong. The Guangdong government has gained the support of the people, and is now implementing financial unification, rectifying the administration of officials, eliminating bandits and pacifying the people, and other matters. The Guangdong government will surely be able to gain even greater support from the people. Since the revolutionary foundation of Guangdong is already consolidated, the Kuomintang can develop its movement throughout the country, that is, the national development of the Kuomintang's organization and the expansion of the Northern Expeditionary Army's strength. The people of Guangdong and the people of the whole country should assist the Kuomintang in its various plans to consolidate the revolutionary foundation and develop the national revolutionary movement.

(7) The people seize political power. The success of the National Revolution depends on the unity of the national revolutionary forces and the leftward turn of the Kuomintang. The reason the movement called for by Mr. Sun Yat-sen last year failed was that the sabotage by reactionary elements within the party was a major cause. This band of reactionary elements is now again in Beijing preparing to destroy the Kuomintang's organization, to shake the leadership of the revolutionary movement, and to obstruct the Beijing populace's movement to overthrow Duan. If the Kuomintang cannot clear out this band of reactionary elements, then the leadership of the revolution will not be consolidated, the Kuomintang's revolutionary policies will be affected, and the national movement will surely suffer great losses.

(8) Slogans: (1) Arm the Chinese revolutionary populace. (2) Down with the traitorous Duan government. (3) Down with all counter-revolutionary forces. (4) Establish a unified national government for the whole country. (5) Support the revolutionary Kuomintang. (6) Convene a National Assembly. Reclaim the people's right to self-determination, abolish all unequal treaties. (7) Restore patriotic organizations in all localities. (8) Support the Canton-Hong Kong strike. (9) Consolidate the Guangdong revolutionary foundation, prepare to dispatch troops for the Northern Expedition, and implement revolutionary unification. (10) The revolutionary populace seizes political power. (11) Reclaim tariff autonomy. (12) Expel the representatives of all countries from the Tariff Conference. (13) Release the arrested anti-imperialist fighters.

At 11:00 a.m. on November 20, a crowd of 100,000 gathered at the East Parade Ground in Guangzhou city. The most numerous were workers, followed by soldiers, and then people from all walks of life. The meeting ground was aflutter with flags and banners; everywhere were the Blue Sky, White Sun, and a Wholly Red Earth national flags, the Blue Sky and White Sun party flags, and the red flags of the various trade unions. Three platforms were set up in the meeting ground. The central platform was for the peasant, industrial, and commercial circles, chaired by Li Sen of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and He Youti of the Provincial Peasants' Association. The right platform was for military and political circles, chaired by Zhou Yiqun. The left platform was for academic circles, chaired by Shen Baotong of the Revolutionary Youth Federation and Li Zhaokui of the Guangzhou Students' Federation. Around the platforms were hung high slogans such as "Down with all counter-revolutionary forces," "Reclaim tariff autonomy," "Restore patriotic organizations in all localities," and "Down with the Duan government." The meeting began at 11:30 a.m. Amidst the throng and loud cries, the following resolutions were passed:

(1) Resolution on the Northern Movement to Overthrow Duan
The deeply rooted warlords of Guangdong have, in the shortest period of time, been eradicated by the Guangdong revolution and the government representing the populace. Zhang Zuolin, with several hundred thousand elite troops and the backing of powerful imperialism, was utterly defeated without being attacked. This proves that the speed of the warlords' collapse is increasing daily, and they can no longer prolong their death throes. Since the May 30th Movement, the popular anti-imperialist movement has been surging daily. Despite the devastation by warlords and the sabotage and slander by counter-revolutionary forces, it still grows unceasingly. Recently in Beijing, Shanghai, and other places, the populace has again launched great uprisings. This is because the populace, in order to develop its revolutionary forces and to directly conflict with imperialism, is already anxious to seize political power, so that the people's various freedoms can be guaranteed, the revolutionary battlefront can be unified, and the command of the anti-imperialist movement can be united. Since the people of Guangdong have already grasped political power to eradicate the counter-revolutionary forces within Guangdong province, they should unite with the populace of the whole country to unanimously overthrow the Duan government and all counter-revolutionary forces, and establish a unified national government that guarantees the people's freedoms and struggles against imperialism.

(2) Resolution on the Attitude toward Feng Yuxiang and the Guominjun
At this time when the ruling warlords have lost power and the people are striving to seize political power, the attitude of the Guominjun is of decisive importance. Therefore, this general meeting resolves to send a telegram to Feng Yuxiang and the Guominjun, asking them to clarify their attitude. Will they decide to be the armed force of the people, to assist the people in seizing political power; or will they decide to repeat the disastrous path of Fengtian Zhang, and still support the Duan government, allowing the warlord forces to re-solidify?

(3) Resolution on Guo Songling
Since Guo Songling has turned his spearhead against Zhang due to the pressure of the people's power, allowing the development of the popular forces to make great strides, he should further resolutely decide to be a conscious tool of the people, to promote the realization of the people's demands. Otherwise, if he betrays the populace and wishes to replace Zhang in leading the Fengtian clique forces, then his own demise will be even swifter than Zhang Zuolin's.

(4) Resolution on Supporting the Striking Workers and the Negotiations with Hong Kong
The 200,000 striking workers of Canton and Hong Kong, this time fighting for the freedom of the Chinese nation, have endured hunger and cold, persisting for as long as six months, a sacrifice and perseverance unheard of in the history of the Chinese revolution. This strike has not only dealt a huge blow to Hong Kong imperialism and won back China's honor of eighty-five years ago, but has also helped the revolutionary government to complete its work of wiping out counter-revolutionary forces and consolidating the revolutionary foundation of Guangdong. Now that the Hong Kong side is resolving the strike with the striking workers, all the people of our province should unanimously support the workers' demands, and must strive to achieve victory. We must not let our 200,000 compatriots who have worked hard, fought, and sacrificed for the revolution and the nation suffer losses and disadvantages alone.

(5) Resolution on Lin Sen and Zou Lu
Lin Sen, Zou Lu, and others previously undertook the responsibility of leading the diplomatic mission, bearing the trust of the people of Guangdong, to go north to struggle against imperialism and to supervise the traitorous dealings of the traitorous Duan government. Lin Sen and Zou Lu have not only betrayed the trust of the people of Guangdong, having not launched a single attack against imperialism since going north, and not supervising the traitorous dealings of the Duan government, but have also colluded with traitorous elements of the Kuomintang, attempting to act for the destructive Kuomintang to spread propaganda against the Guangdong government which is supported by the people of Guangdong. Recently, they have further colluded with the Duan government, plotting to sabotage the Beijing populace's movement to overthrow the Duan government. This general meeting resolves to send a telegram denouncing these vermin who have sold out the country, sold out the province, and sold out the party.

After the resolutions were passed, slogans were shouted loudly, and the procession formed ranks. All waved small flags, vast and mighty, proceeding from the East Parade Ground out to Huiai East Road, passing Xikou, through Taiping South Road, and dispersing at Xidi. Along the way, leaflets were distributed, totaling forty to fifty kinds, and several hundred thousand copies.