The Peasant Congress wholly and in every way supports the law (decree) on land of October 26, 1917, endorsed by the Second All-Russia Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies and issued by the Council of People’s Commissars, as the provisional workers’ and peasants’ government of the Russian Republic. The Peasant Congress expresses its firm and unyielding resolve to defend with its breast the implementation of this law, calls upon all peasants to give it unanimous support and to put it into immediate effect locally by the peasants themselves, and likewise calls upon the peasants to elect to all and any responsible posts and offices exclusively such people as have proved, not in words but in deeds, their utter devotion to the interests of the toiling and exploited peasants, their readiness and ability to uphold these interests despite any resistance whatsoever by landlords, capitalists and their supporters or abettors.

The Peasant Congress at the same time declares its conviction that the full realisation of all the measures that constitute the law on land is possible only given the success of the workers’ socialist revolution that began on October 25, for only the socialist revolution is capable of ensuring both the gratuitous transfer of the land to the toiling peasantry, and the confiscation of the landlords’ implements, and the full protection of the interests of hired agricultural labourers, alongside the immediate commencement of the unconditional abolition of the entire system of hired capitalist slavery, and the correct and methodical distribution of agricultural and industrial products among the regions and inhabitants of the state, and mastery over the banks (without which mastery by the people over the land, given the abolition of private property in land, is impossible), and all-round assistance from the state specifically to the toilers and exploited, and so on.

The Peasant Congress, therefore, wholly supporting the revolution of October 25, and supporting it precisely as a socialist revolution, expresses its unyielding resolve to carry into effect, with due gradualness but without any hesitation, the measures for the socialist transformation of the Russian Republic.

The necessary condition for the victory of the socialist revolution, which alone ensures the lasting success and full realisation of the law on land, is the complete alliance of the toiling, exploited and labouring peasantry with the working class—the proletariat—in all the advanced countries. In the Russian Republic, henceforth the entire organisation and administration of the state, from top to bottom, must be built on such an alliance. Such an alliance, sweeping aside any and all direct and indirect, open and disguised attempts to return to the conciliation with the bourgeoisie and with the vehicles of bourgeois policy that has been condemned by life itself, is the only thing that will ensure the victory of socialism throughout the world.

Written November 14 (27), 1917