Conspectus of Hegel’s Book
Lectures On the History of Philosophy :

Volume XIII. Volume I of The History of Philosophy.
History of Greek Philosophy

Note that this document has undergone special formating to ensure that
Lenin’s sidenotes fit on the page, marking as best as possible
where they were located in the original manuscript.

IONIC PHILOSOPHY [1]

| “Anaximander (610-547 B. C.) supposes man to develop from a fish.” (213) |

PYTHAGORAS AND PYTHAGOREANS [2]

| ...“Hence the determinations are dry, destitute of process, undialectical, and sta- tionary....” (244) | | | | negative de- termination of dialectics |
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| This refers to the general ideas of the Pythagoreans;—“number” and its sig- nificance, etc. Ergo: it is said in regard to the primitive ideas of the Pythago- reans, their primitive philosophy; their “determinations” of substance, things, the world, are “dry, destitute of process (movement), undialectical.” | | | | |
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| Tracing predominantly the dialectical in the history of philosophy, Hegel cites the |
| views of the Pythagoreans: ...“one, added to even, makes odd (2+1 = 3);—added to odd, it makes even (3+1 = 4);—it” (Eins [3] )
“has the property of making ge- rade (= even), and consequently it must itself be even. Thus unity contains in it- self different determinations.” (246) | |
| Musical harmony and the philosophy of Pythagoras: | | | | (“harmony of the world”) |
| “The subjective, and, in the case of hear- ing, simple feeling, which, however, exists inherently in relation, Pythagoras has at- tributed to the understanding, and he at- tained his object by means of fixed deter- minations.” (282) | | | | relation of the subjec- tive to the objective |
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| Pp. 265--266: the movement of the heav- |
| enly bodies—their harmony—the har- mony of the singing heavenly spheres inaudible to us (in the Pythago- reans ): Aristotle, De coelo , II, 13 (and 9) [4] : |
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| ...“Fire was placed by the Pythagoreans in the middle, but the Earth was made a star that moved around this central body in a circle....” But for them this fire was not the sun.... “They thus rely, not on sensuous appearance, but on grounds.... These ten spheres” | |
| ten spheres or orbits or movements of the ten planets: Mer- cury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Sun, Moon, Earth, the Milky Way and the Gegenerde [5] (—antipode?) invented “for an even number,” for 10 [6] | |
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| “like all that is in motion, make a sound; but each makes a different tone, according to the difference in its size and velocity. This is determined by the different distances, which bear a harmonious relationship to one another, in accordance with musical intervals; by this means a harmonious sound (music) arises in the moving spheres (world)....” | |
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| Concerning the soul, the Pythagoreans thought “ die Seele set: die Sonnenstäub- chen ” [7] (p. 268