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Introduction. The Contemporary Relevance of the National Question. The Militant Nature of Nationalist Reaction. The National Question in Socialist Parties.

I (A)

1. Medieval Particularism. Dialects – n + 1. The Vernacular Language and Latin.

2. Economic and Democratic Demands of the National State.

3. Democratic Centralism as the Universal Model of “Normal” States.

Centralism versus[44] Local Self-Government.

“The National State” (B)

The Demand for National Self-Determination: Its Significance and Necessity.

4. Broadly Democratic and Historically Russian.

5. The Meaning of This Demand. Theses §§ 3–4.

6. The Case of Norway.

(C)

7. The Equality of Nations and National Privileges.

8. The Official State Language: Switzerland versus Russia.

9. Territorial or Personal Autonomy?

The Significance of Territory.

10. The National Regions of Russia.

11. Cultural-National Autonomy

(α) The Slogan of National Culture Is Misguided.

(β) It Contradicts Internationalism.

(γ) It Risks Enmeshing Us in the Sphere of Influence of Bourgeois Nationalism… (δ) Absolute and Refined Nationalism.

(ε) It Diverts Attention from Democratic Tasks.

(ζ) The Heterogeneous Social Composition of Nations.

(η) Cities and Villages.

(θ) Cultural-National Autonomy: A Form of Clericalism.

(ι) Its Artificial Character (“Sejms”).

(κ) It Does Not Deliver True Liberation.

(λ) National Curia.

(μ) Its Goal Is to “Separate,” Whereas What Is Needed Is to Unite.

11 bis. The Brünn Program: § 3.

The Brünn Congress: The Failure of Cultural-National Autonomy.

11 ter. The Jews.

[[ Reception. Theses, p. 13.

12. A Pan‑State Law and Guarantees for Minority Rights.

Theses of § 6.

The Right to Prosecute for Violations of the Respective[45] Demand for Abolition.

Objections Raised by Medem and Their Refutation[46].

D 13. Austria

14. Russia. Theses of § 9 (p. 17).

[[15. The August Conference of the Liquidators versus the SR Conference.

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Three Parts:

C) Cultural-National Autonomy.

D) The Austrian and Russian Social-Democratic Programs.

Austria—“the Sick Man” After Turkey.

[ The Artificial Nature of Austria (1848) ]

[[ The Dissolution of Austria—or a Federation of Democratic National States?

K. Kautsky versus Renner-Springer and O. Bauer.

The Slavic National Movements of the Balkans.

Asia and Its Democratic Evolution: Turkey—Persia—China—India.

The Irony of History: Nations With Territory Do Not Accept the Extraterritorial Autonomy of Nations—while a Nation Without Territory Fails to Secure Recognition Even Among the Most Principled Advocates of National Autonomy.

Norway and Its Separation in 1905.

Switzerland and Its Linguistic (Respective National) Orders.

Written in June, prior to the 26th (July 9), 1913.

First Published in 1937 in Lenin’s Collected Works, Volume XXX.

Printed from the Manuscript