Date: 1912
Source: ru:PSS/v28

TETRAD'

"ξ"

("KSI")
Contents

War and Imperialism
BernhardiRüdorfferMackay: ChinaLucasBelgerRohrbachSartorius f. WaltershausenCromerRüdorffer NB 16 pp.Belger N13 2 6 pp. [5-10] [11-19] [20-22] [22-23] [24-26][27] [28-30][33]
England (1897-1911) -998.5 million pounds sterling
19.97 billion marks
Germany 5490 million marks
5.5 billion marks.
EXCERPTS FROM NEWSPAPERS
"L'Echo de Paris", 13. X. 1914.
"Junius' Article" regarding Jouhaux's conversation with Legien.
... "What lesson, - if our syndicalists want to take advantage of it, - does this conversation of Mr. Jouhaux, secretary of the General Confederation of Labor, with the German socialist deputy Mr. Legien - July 24 of this year and in Brussels! - represent? - The date and place are symbolic. "What do you expect to do to avoid war?" - asks Mr. Jouhaux. "Have you decided to speak out? We, for our

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part, are ready to respond to your call." And he adds: "And despite the fact that these questions were repeated several times, Legien... gave no answer. We left Brussels convinced that our trust in the goodwill of German organizations should disappear." What conclusion does he draw from his failure? I continue to quote his text: "We will draw up an indictment that will remind everyone that the only way to make international relations solid and stable is to carry out the same work for peace and against war everywhere." Events have just proven to him that this joint work is impossible. He considers them accidental and continues to support a utopia whose delusions are terrifying to think about. What would have happened if Mr. Legien had been a less honest man and promised his naive interlocutor help that would not have been given later?" But, let's not think about catastrophes that did not happen. And further instruction to Mr. Jouhaux:
"Minds like Mr. Jouhaux recognize, and they are not mistaken, that there are class or, rather, professional interests... However, they do not notice one thing, namely, that no profession can exist outside the country. Before belonging to any class, the worker and the peasant, like the bourgeois, are part of a certain nation... Therefore, if the worker belongs to a certain country before belonging to a certain class, then the interest of the country is higher than the interest of the class. The whole delusion of international syndicalism lies in the misunderstanding of this dependence, inherent in the very nature of things. It is not about underestimating the class interest. It is about defining its place... The false dogmas of internationalism did not stand for an hour before the obvious national necessity... We suggest to them" (them, the syndicalists) "only that they understand the lesson of this war and that, when they think about their class interests, they think about them in connection with the national interest. Then we can easily agree." Junius. (End of article.)

"V о I k s ге с h t", No. 241, 16. X. 1914.
V. "What the conduct of the war has cost so far."
The cost of the war: For the first 2 months of the war, all the warring states - 6 250 million francs Germany - 1 800 million marks = 2 250 million francs
including for Austria, whose finances are completely shot
England 2 150 (of which perhaps 1/3 for itself)
4 400 million francs
France 1 040 " "
Russia 300 million rubles = 750
= 6190 " "
Russia - 750
France 1 040
1 790 6 250 - 4 400 = 1 850 - 1 040 = 810 "The next eight weeks of the war will cost twice as much"...
Leroy-Beaulieu - see "L'H итап i t е" - estimates 1 billion per month for each of the 5 large states, in 7 months. 5 X 7 = 35 + 15 small states and neutral. = 50 billion.
Christian priests about the war:
Pope Babi (French) proposed a draft declaration (and sent it to German priests):
"The undersigned, Christians of Germany, England, Austria, France, Russia, Belgium and Serbia, disturbed and saddened by the conflict that is devastating and flooding Europe with blood, declare:

1° Being deeply attached each to their homeland, they do not want to do or say anything that would not correspond to the sincere and ardent patriotism that inspires them,
2° but at the same time they cannot forget or deny that God is the God of all nations and the father of all people, that Jesus Christ is the savior of all; that he commanded his followers to consider each other brothers and to love

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each other as brothers and that for the evangelical faith, as St. Paul says, there is neither Greek nor Jew, nor barbarian, nor Scythian - and, therefore, there is no longer German and Frenchman, Austrian and Russian, but Christ is all and in all.
In view of this, they pledge before the face of God and with God's help to banish from their hearts all hatred for those whom they are obliged at this time to call enemies, and to do them good if they have the opportunity; to use all the influence they may have to ensure that the war is waged with the greatest possible humanity, that the victor, whoever he may be, does not abuse his power, that the personality and rights of the weak are respected; they pledge to love with the same fraternal love their brothers in faith, to whatever nationality they may belong, to pray to God for all the victims of the war without exception, to ask him earnestly that the horrors of war be replaced as soon as possible by the blessings of a just and lasting peace and that the unfortunate and cruel events that we are witnessing bring closer the coming of the kingdom of God."
("Journal de Geneve", 17. X. 1914.)
This letter was written on August 4, 1914. Sent by Mr. Babi, a venerable pastor from Nîmes, to Mr. Driander, a German, court preacher in Berlin.
This Driander replied on behalf of himself and two other priests (La-hausen and Axenfeld) with his signature ("Journal de Geneve", 18. X. 1914) dated 15. IX. 1914 with a long letter, that
... "we gladly express our agreement with proposals 1 and 2. They are part of the common heritage of all Christians.
Patriotism and Christianity do not exclude each other, but, on the contrary, mutually presuppose each other"
as for the rest, we accept it in principle, but we cannot sign it, not wanting to give cause, even the most remote, to think that Germany is waging war inconsistently with the principles of humanity etc. We did not want war, we are a peaceful people etc. etc. The attacking side is the English and others etc. etc. and so on.
NB. "Volksrecht" (1914) No. 239 ("To Eternal Peace") and No. 242 (Bernstein)
"Frankfurter Zeitung" (1914) No. 291 (II morning edition) 20. X. (Scheidemann for the war).

BERNHARDI. "GERMANY AND THE NEXT WAR"
Friedrich von Bernhardi. "Germany and the Next War." Berlin, 1913 (6th edition) (p. 345). The preface to the 6th edition is dated February 1913.
A typical military book, with regret about the spirit of pacifism among the Germans etc. etc. The author often quotes his two-volume work on modern warfare.
Glorification of war, its necessity ("creative and cleansing force": p. 9)... [Chapter I. "The Right to War"; Chapter II. "The Obligation of War."]
Lamenting the fact that Germany balked in the Morocco incident, yielding to France (p. 17 et al.).
"Christian morality is personal and social morality and by its nature can never be political" (24-25).
Hatred of the Social Democrats: they, "in principle, are for lies and slander" in the party struggle (32). They are "for revolution" (73)... (idem, 75)
| Hegel, Luther for war etc. |
... "At the same time, the Germans have absolutely no revolutionary spirit, despite all the empty declamations of Social Democratic agitators. Their whole nature pushes them on the path of healthy, lawful development"... (80),..
Germany does not have such secure colonies (market) as England (89)...
Chapter 5. "World Power or Downfall"...
Italy in 1912 again joined the "Triple Alliance", but it is hardly possible to count on it in case of war (96)... (idem, 180).
We must support Austria in its Balkan policy and try to take Tunisia for Italy (97).
Russia is shaken by the revolution (100) - "the army is unreliable" (100) etc., Russia is unlikely to want an offensive war with Germany (102)...
France is not dangerous to England due to the stagnation of the population in France (107) and the saturation of its desire for expansion (107) etc.

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If Italy withdraws... "then it will be possible to create a very significant superiority of forces against Germany and Austria" (114)...
We are threatened both from land and from sea (115) - we live in a latent but great crisis (115). This must be borne in mind, this is "glossed over... by the deceptive game of diplomatic intrigues and the official pacifism of all states" (116).
France must be dealt with at all costs. "France must be so decisively defeated that it can never again stand in our way" (118).
Belgium... is neutral, but France and England will try to join forces in it (123) - "the concept of prolonged neutrality contradicts in general the essence of the state" (123)... "its highest moral goals"... (123)...
... "A whole year is required to manufacture a 30-centimeter gun" (141)...
Chapter 7: "The nature of our next war."
The forces of different states... Figures... France has "excellent black troops" (150) that can be...
We (with Austria) have less (?), than France + Russia, and we need to catch up on quality (156)...
Naval forces (according to "Nauticus"* from 1912) - the English fleet is > than twice as strong as ours (170).
Russia is protected by its size (176) - it cannot have a struggle for existence... the educated parts of the people are for revolution (ibidem), as in the Russo-Japanese war (177), a "unanimous national upsurge" (177) is hardly possible.
Switzerland, Belgium, Holland (the French and English will go through the last two countries)... "neutrality is only a paper barrier" (179).
England seeks to destroy our fleet (184 et seq. Chapter 8: "The Next Naval War")... It can

* Naval Handbook. Ed.

paralyze our overseas trade (186)... Strengthens Harwich (189), builds a harbor in Rosyth and in Scapa Flow (191)... We need to lean on the air fleet (195)... We must strive with all our might to defeat the French fleet from land (196) - "war of extermination" (196) with France... "destroy France forever as a great power" (196).
Only victory on land will give us chances at sea (199)... Russia + France = 180 million people. Germany - 65 million (201)... Increase the army... higher requirements are now placed on the soldier (205), line troops are more important... We must "attack" (206).
("Cadres", not "reserves", 210.) Quality is more important than quantity (213) ... "closed" ranks cannot fight, the importance of the individual is growing, the importance of the authorities is decreasing (214)...
Particular importance of preparing the movement (and supply) of large masses of troops, special tasks from here (226 et seq.). In detail about this from the military-technical side...
The importance of cavalry - to scout and "cover" {235)...
"Fluidity" (mobility, flexibility) of organization is necessary (237)...
Prepare for the new, do not repeat the old (247 et seq.)...
A higher development of the military is needed - "lectures of a general scientific nature" (267) - in military academies etc.
We (Germany) must conduct world politics (268, 269) - for this, naval power is necessary (Chapter 12: "Preparation for Naval War")... - we cannot conduct an offensive at sea, - defense of the coasts etc.
Guns of 24 cm. "must be recognized as completely unsuitable for modern naval combat" (276)...
...The new naval law provides for the construction of 72 new submarines (277),.. the third squadron will be ready only in 1914 (278)...
Qingdao needs to be better fortified (282)...
Sudden attack:
England 2-5. IX. 1807 on Copenhagen...
" 11-12. VII. 1882 " Alexandria (Egypt)... Italy on Tripoli and Turkish ships...

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The mistake was that we did not "settle accounts" with France earlier - reasons would have been found (287): "I consider it the gravest mistake that German politics could ever make in general, that it did not settle accounts with France at a time when the world situation was quite favorable for us and one could be firmly confident of success. There was certainly no shortage of cases for this" (287)...
The education of the people should be more religious and patriotic, against the Social Democrats (with their anti-patriotic convictions: 291)... (Chapter 13)...
NB composition of the army > rural NB "Even now, only 6.14% of all military personnel born in Germany come from large cities, 7.37% - from medium-sized cities, 22.34% - from small towns and villages, and 64.15% - from the countryside1), while the distribution of the population between the city and the countryside is completely different" (p. 292)...

1905: village 42.5% small towns 25.5 medium " 12.9 large " 19.1
... "The rural population has grown together with the army in the closest way" (292)... the urban population, large segments of it "are directly hostile to the army" (292)...
The beneficial effect of military education ((the army does not distract the population from useful work, but educates [this place is not in chapter 13]))... factory work is harmful in many respects... a short working day is harmful (294)...
In Russia (unlike Japan), the educated classes considered patriotism an outdated concept etc. etc. - hence the defeatists (304)...

1) Count Posadowsky. "The Housing Question." Munich, 1910.

The government should keep the popular press in its hands (305)...
"I would consider it a good thing if all newspapers could be forced to print certain government messages so that readers would not receive such a one-sided coverage of public relations as the party press gives" (306)... In the "financial and political preparation for war" (Chapter 14), one cannot be guided by a "petty-bourgeois point of view" (311)... one cannot yield to the "soft-bodied philanthropy of the era" (312)...
Expenses for the army
National property and fleet marks per capita marks per capita
In Germany = 5-6 thousand 16
France approx. the same 20
England 6-7 thousand 29 (p. 315)
Emigrants Unemployed members of workers' unions from Germany 20,000 (1908) 4.4%
England 336,000 (1903) 10%
France 11.4% (p. 318)
The economic growth of Germany is faster (316-7)... A people who spend about 5 billion a year on tobacco and alcoholic beverages could spend "several hundred million" (320) on protecting their honor, independence and their future.
Napoleon III in 1870 counted on an alliance with Austria (the trip of Archduke Albrecht to Paris and the French general to Vienna... 326), but he miscalculated... Afterword (1913) - our situation has worsened. The Balkan war, the blow to Turkey and the "Triple Alliance"... The frivolity of hopes for peace with England... Use the "attempts at rapprochement" with England for better preparation (343)...
((The book itself was written in the autumn of 1911: p. 338)).
End

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RÜDORFFER. "BASIC FEATURES OF MODERN WORLD POLITICS"
I. I. Rüdorffer. "Basic Features of Modern World Politics." Berlin, 1914. (pp. XIII + 252.)
(The preface is dated October 1913.)
A pretentious little book by a diplomat, wrapping the imperialist aspirations of the German bourgeoisie in phrases. The main theme is the struggle between national and cosmopolitan tendencies.
Claims to sociology and philosophy = the stupidest blather of the neo-Kantian kind about the people as a personality, comparisons with the forest (repeated dozens of times), about divinity and other nonsense.
In fact, the theme is modern, but it is wrapped in words about the "entelechy" of Aristotle and the like.
England, in order to complete its plans in Africa (the Cape - Cairo railway), "needs only to resolve the disputed issues with Germany and Belgium" (94)...
... "Thus, Portugal, and to a slightly lesser extent Spain, are in reality countries dependent on the English world empire. Japan cannot escape the clutches of the English money market; England has no need to create strongholds in South America, since the London Stock Exchange finances the most significant state in South America with a rich future - Argentina and thus dominates it...
England's world domination... rests, in addition to domination at sea, on two other pillars: the commonality of British culture and the London Stock Exchange" (95)...
Germany, not having the possibility of expansion (Asia for Russia, Africa north for France and Italy; and locked on both sides, belated (colonies taken), is placed in a difficult position ((§ 7 of Chapter 2, p. 101 et seq.)).
In the question of Morocco, it had to yield to France

"The decision on the fate of German world politics will take place on the continent" (107)... "One can still, perhaps, imagine German world politics without superiority at sea, but in no case can it be conceived without a dominant position on land" (ibidem).
(victory on the continent of Europe - the nail of everything for Germany)
Morocco... "retreat" (108): we had to retreat a little...
"This chapter of German world politics most clearly illustrates the peculiarity of the international position of the empire, the limitations of its possibilities of expansion, the connection of world politics with continental politics, the complexity of the factors that German world politics has to take into account" (109)...
German nationalism is still young,... "upstart manners" (112).
In America, only a people, a nation, is being formed (especially Romanic and Slavic emigration).
"In financial terms, Argentina can be considered as a colony managed by the London Stock Exchange" (133)... South American states "are currently and will probably be for a long time in the future objects, not subjects of world politics" (131)...
"Modern Japan suffers from its successes" (137) - cannot cope with its colonies, has not strengthened etc. ... (Japan lacks a religious basis: 138) ((what an idiot!))...
Cosmopolitan tendency - chatter about Catholicism... about a cultural ideal... "Capital and its power...
"If we consider the history of the colonial expansion of the great European powers over the past decades from this point of view, it is easy to see that all the wars of recent times in which the great European powers participated, if they were not directly initiated in the interests of capital, were undoubtedly conditioned by its interests" * (157)...

* See V. I. Lenin. Collected Works, 4th ed., vol. 21, p. 217. Ed.

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"The interweaving of the material interests of the civilized world, the emergence of a unified world economy is one of the basic facts of modern politics" (159)...
The struggle for the "majority of shares" * (161)... "All economic enterprises that have direct political significance, such as railways, canals, etc., now have a definitely national character, even if their capital is international in origin or form" (161)...
International law and international arbitration courts? "In general, the instrument of arbitration courts serves to prevent only undesirable wars that may arise from unforeseen incidents and that do not affect the vital interests of the nation; but never and nowhere has it happened that arbitration courts have settled vital issues of the nation or that they could be used to avoid wars that were desired" (167)...
International socialism? (§ 5 of Chapter 3, Part I, p. 172 et seq.).
"If international socialism succeeds in completely separating the worker internally from his nation and making him exclusively a member of the class, then it has won; for purely violent means, by which the national state can then still try to chain the worker to itself, will inevitably prove ineffective in themselves with further application. But if international socialism does not succeed in this and the internal threads connecting the worker with the organism called the nation are preserved, even if unconsciously, then the victory of international socialism will be in question as long as these threads exist, and will turn into defeat if it turns out that in the end these threads are stronger" ** (173-174)...
There is no "impoverishment" and no exacerbation of classes (174). Exacerbated national struggle and national-

* See V. I. Lenin. Collected Works, 4th ed., vol. 21, p. 217. Ed.
** Ibid. Ed.

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we will easily deceive!!
ism draws in workers (175)... "Thus, it can be said that although the socialist movement has since then" (recently) "received a grandiose scope and although in all countries socialist parties have greatly increased their strength and influence, however, the international moment in the movement has not only not grown in parallel during this time, but has even lost in significance and strength of attack" (175). The electoral struggle of recent years forces German Social Democrats to "cover up or weaken" their internationalism (176)...
... "It" (German Social Democracy) "indignantly rejected the assertion of its opponents that in the event of war, Social Democracy would induce the working masses under its influence to turn their weapons against their commanders and thus, in alliance with the French socialists, try to prevent the war; even the reproach of a lack of patriotism it considers an insult...
The question (of the "national" tendency) is at the center of the entire discussion, it becomes the nail of socialism" * (176).
... "The only question is, what is the actual significance of these manifestations" (of workers and socialist parties for internationalism etc.) "for the political events and political decisions of peoples and their leaders. In all states with a strong national feeling, it is very small. It can generally be said that in all matters where governments can appeal to the national feeling of the people, they do not have to take into account the internationalism of their socialist parties at all, and so far not a single national war has been canceled for fear of a hostile attitude towards it from socialists, and in the future no war will be prevented by such reasons. It is possible that governments, in view of the pacifist theories of socialism, will try to carefully cover up their undertakings with natio-

* See V. I. Lenin. Collected Works, 4th ed., vol. 21. p. 217. Ed.

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nal feelings, but this will not change the essence of the matter at all, but only some changes will be made in the political forms and techniques used by modern politics" * (177-178).
Cf. p. 1 0 3: "Also, Social Democracy in its parliamentary speeches and in its agitation among the people is forced to take into account the national argument more and more every year" (idem, p. 110).
The colonies of England introduce preferential duties for the metropolis (206) - Canada, Australia, South Africa = "in fact, an increase in duties against non-English producing countries" (206)...
"As if a Franco-Italian contradiction is emerging over hegemony" (in the Mediterranean Sea and Africa) (211)...
... "As long as Russia can expand with little difficulty in Mongolia and Persia, its desire for expansion will not be directed against Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and Constantinople" (211)...
Russia is protected by its geographical position "from national destruction" (216) - "in case of defeat, it has to fear at worst the victory of the revolution and the slowing down (?) of its development" (216)...
In general, now wars cannot be waged except in cases of "need" (218), but what does this mean?
NB
defense or attack?
"It is very easy to distinguish between defense and attack in words, but in practice it is unusually difficult to indisputably establish who is attacking and who is defending" (218).
"It is not true that modern great powers, although they are arming, do not use their armaments" (219). - These armaments are "calculated", they are taken into account in diplomatic negotiations, in "pressure" etc. etc.
"European alliances have formed around two major contradictions - German-French and Austrian-Russian" (224)...

* See V. I. Lenin. Collected Works, 4th ed., vol. 21, p. 217. Ed.

"But in political terms, its (England's) behavior is quite systematic. Its strong influence in South America, especially in Argentina, is based on the emission activities of the London Stock Exchange; the same is partly true of the vassal dependence of Portugal and the predominant influence of England in Spain" (235)...
"In its purest form, the method of financial imperialism is expressed by modern France. France has become a world banker not because of its greater wealth, but because of the greater liquidity of its capital. Germany, England, the United States are currently much richer, but in none of these richer countries is there such a mass of free capital seeking accommodation as in France" (235-236)... Two reasons: greater "thrift" in France and less demand for money in French economic life.
In vain the Germans were reproached for not taking advantage of the incident with Morocco to seize a "convenient opportunity" - "to keep Spain in anti-French positions" (236)...
"This case never presented itself, since Germany could not even dream of breaking the financial ties that bind Spain to France and taking on the financing of a country in need of money. France has always more or less openly made it clear to Austria and Hungary that only because of their friendship with Germany and because of the Triple Alliance does the satisfaction of the need of both states for money encounter difficulties on the Paris Stock Exchange" (236)...
... "If the German Empire so far builds its international political influence only to a small extent on the provision of loans, this is primarily because it, although richer than France, its capital is not so liquid" (237)... The more rapid economic development of Germany, capital itself is needed...
... "Turkey often found support in German banks against the additional political conditions of loans put forward by France; the same was true of Romania, Hungary and in other cases.

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In general, it can be said that the resistance to the financial imperialism pursued by France should force German politics to embark on the same path" (238).
End
MACKAY. "CHINA, THE MIDDLE REPUBLIC. ITS PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS"
V. L. Baron von Mackay. "China, the Middle Republic. Its Problems and Prospects." Berlin, 1914. ((pp. 264 + appendices.)) Scoundrel, reactionary, blockhead and villain, who has gleaned from a dozen books slander against "radical democrats" ("Kuomintang"* with Sun Yat-sen at the head). Scientific value - zero. p.??Appendix V. Kuomintang leaflet = naive, democratic republicanism ((the scoundrel author scolds him in vain)). [“Explanation of the advantages of the republic.” J
From the literature:
James Cantley and Sheridan Jones. "Sun Yat-sen and the Awakening of China." London, 1913.
Fosberg-Rekov. "Revolution in Asia." Berlin, 1912.
Joseph Schön. "On Russia's Goals in China." Vienna, 1900.
M. f. Brandt. "East Asian Issues." Berlin, 1897.
Wilhelm Schüler. "Outline of the Recent History of China." Berlin, 1913.
In the chapter "World Political Anxieties and Clashes" (Chapter 13), a brief account of the plunder of China by Russia (Mongolia) [secret protocol in Urga 1912], Russia + Japan (Manchuria. Secret Treaty

* "Guomindang". Ed.

Russia + Japan 8. VII. 1912), England (Tibet), Germany (Kiaochow)* etc.
pp. 222-224: written after the ultimatum of the Japanese to Germany (in VIII.. or IX. 1914) - furious abuse of England for its "policy, determined only by the interests of shopkeepers and the money bag" (223), its crime against European culture etc. etc. And the author himself is for "expanding German positions in China" (228)...
Germany's share in Chinese trade = 4.2%, in fact (de) (NB)>7% -and up to 25%-de (!!?), if you count the entire mass of German commodity turnover.
England's share in Chinese trade = 50%, in fact - 21% (p. 232).
... "just as "international" capital becomes increasingly national under the influence of modern imperialist aspirations, so the mechanism of what we call the world economy must increasingly be subject to the laws of the national economies of the great powers" (235). ((in Chapter 14: "Germany's Mission")) England and the United States "only last year released 18 million marks for the establishment of new higher educational institutions in Shandong, Hankou and Hong Kong" (236) - in comparison with this amount, everything that Germany gave in the same time "seems insignificant". And where does this money come from? The main source: commercial and industrial enterprises of large capitalists - Englishmen and Americans in China!!
England has "many hundreds" of officials "of its maritime customs service" who know Chinese ("experienced official") - pioneers (239)... Belgium and its trade interests in China (243): "Société d'étude de chemin de fer en Chine", - its concessions for 2 railways in China.
p. 245 - a map of the projected (and existing) railways in China of 3 groups

* Modern name Jiaozhou. Ed.

1) German (middle)
2) English (smallest)
3) Russian-French-Belgian (largest)

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Mackay, p. 245
Existing and projected railways in China Franco-Russian-Belgian group
German group English group ((- unknown, "whose" roads))

According to Hennig ("World Communication Routes", Leipzig, 1909), there are already roads:

1) Beijing - Tianjin (and further to Dalny)
2) Kiaochow - Jinanfu*
3) Beijing - Hankou
4) Shanghai - Pukou
... "The mouth of the Yangtze is the British East Asian Shatt al-Arab, and the sphere of interests on the Yangtze River is its East Asian southern Persia" (246--7)...
The Tianjin - Pukou railway is being built together by the English and Germans (247).
England has railway concessions in China for 19,000 km. (247)...
Germany has railway concessions in China for 7,000 km. (248)...
The great tasks of irrigation and drainage works in China - German technology in this regard is ahead of everyone (254-5 et seq.)...
The Chinese should sympathize not with the "radical democratism of the New World", not with Anglo-Saxon constitutionalism with "faded royal power", but with monarchical Germany (257).
And long, boring, stupid about the charms of German culture...
End
LUCAS. "GREAT ROME AND GREAT BRITAIN" **
Sir C. P. Lucas. "Great Rome and Great Britain." Oxford, 1912. (p. 184.) (Of little content, mostly legal-feuilleton, pretentious, inflated comparison of Rome and Great Britain. Note only something to characterize imperialism:)
65 - Parts of Algeria were better cultivated (irrigation) in Roman times than now (Arnold - "Administration of the Provinces of Rome").

* Modern name Jinan. Ed.
** See V. I. Lenin. Collected Works, 4th ed., vol. 21, p. 217 and vol. 22. p. 247. Ed.

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66 - Artesian wells (work of England) in Australia (depth 5000 feet)...

68 - The fight against malaria in the colonies (English doctors)...
(Ronald Ross) (Lord Lister) (idem 70-71)
76-77: For the Romans, war came before trade. For the English vice versa (in the colonies) (peace, trade etc.)
80: But in the 18th century there were also wars (Canada, Australia)
86... Privileged companies old "East India C0" until 1858 } "Hudson's Bay C0" " 1869 /
New: "Royal Niger C0" (1880-1890)
"South Africa C0"
91: Slavery was an exception with us (West Indies) [Vulgar boaster-Nationalist... J
94: The Romans did not reckon with race, did not exclude blacks.

96-7: Lack of rights for "colored" people in the modern British Empire: in India they do not have the right to vote, - they are not taken into officials etc. etc.

98: "Currently, in the self-governing areas of the British Empire, colored natives, although they are British subjects, are most often deprived of the right to vote, as, for example, in Australia, in some parts of South Africa or in British Columbia"...

99: restriction of immigration of blacks etc.

103: "In our empire, when white workers work next to redskins, as, for example, in South Africa, they do not work as comrades, but the white worker is rather the overseer of the redskin."

107 - In Australasia, white workers are against blacks and yellows - as price reducers... 142: Two parts of the British Empire