"AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS"
AND OTHER

DISTRIBUTION OF COLONIES AMONG IMPERIALIST STATES
Otto Hübner. "Geographical-Statistical Tables," 1916, and "The Statesman's Year-Book, 1916 (=St.) (figures according to Hübner)
EASTERN EUROPE AND ITS PART OF ASIA
sq. km. Population thousands thousands (Asia) Russia in Europe 5,452 140 841 Finland:

35 559 » » Asia 16 637 33 259 81.4% Finns
10.7% Swedes (Asia) Russian vassal Turkmen, Uzbeks, states Kyrgyz, Tajiks
(Khiva and Bukhara)- 271 2 300
Total Russia::::: 22360 176400 43% Great Russian, i.e., dominant nation
+ Caspian Sea and Aral According to Hübner
Sea: 506 - 44.3% ???
Austria-Hungary with 12.0 million Germans
Bosnia 677 51390 10.0 » Hungarians
22.0 » i.e., 42:8% dominant nation
Romania 140 7 602 approximately 92% Romanians in 1899
The Balkans: Bulgaria 114 4 767 80.7% Bulgarians
10.7% Turks sq. km thousands Population thousands
Greece (+ Crete)+ Samos1) Serbia 1200.587 4 822 534490 In the old (pre-1912) area there were 1,850 thousand Greeks out of a total of 1,980 thousand
| = 93.4% |
95.4% Serbs in 1910 (i.e., before the war of 1912)
Albania 28 850 "Albanians" (and only ??)
Montenegro 14 435 Serbs, Turks, Arnauts
Turkey in Europe » » Asia All of Turkey Eastern Europe: 28 1767 1891 19 709 43% Turks 33% Syrians, Arabs
1795 21600
3: Russia +
272 409 Austria+ Turkey 249 390
. 6: small Balkan states 23019
272 409
819 330 Rest of Asia g:

874 598 China 11 139 329 618 mainly
Chinese, then "Punti" 105, Mongols, etc.
Japan 674 72 673 mainly Japanese (according to the Encyclopedic Dictionary > 99% Japanese in Japan itself)
"including" Formosa Karafuto 106 Kwantung Korea 36 34 3 612 49
52986=Japan 19 687=its colonies
3 218 517 15 509 72673=total
1) Hübner assigns it to Asia and places it separately.
In St. - to Greece.

FROM A NOTEBOOK "AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS" AND OTHER
semi-colonies (7 states):
sq. km. Population thousands thousands
- Siamese 1,800 Chinese 1,400, etc.
- Afghans 351 thousand, Tajiks 225 thousand, etc.
- Mongols and Indians
- Arabs, Indians, Persians, Negroes
- . . .?
including 4) India 315 961 Ceylon 4 263
- approximately 98% natives
= 389 990 = in European colonies and Asia
+ 19 687 = colonies of Japan
409 677 = in colo-
+ nies in Asia
356 667 = semi-colonies 52 986 == Japan
819 330
China: 329 618
27 049
356 667
1. Persia 1645 9 500
2. Siam 600 8149
3. Afghanistan 624 4 450
4. Nepal 154 3 000
5. Oman 212 1000
6. Independent
Arabia 2 279 950
7 British possessions 5 265 324 879
2 Dutch - "- 1521 37 717
5 French - » - 803 17 267
3 Portuguese - » - 23 980
1 German2) - » - 0.6 209
1 possessions of the U.S.
(Philippines) 296 8 938
819330 approximate number of "states" ("etwa")
2) Kiao-chao - 0.5 and 192 thousand + Tianjin - 0.1 and 17 thousand
4) In British India in 1911 there were more than 100 tribes; of 313.3 million, 74% were Aryan Indians.

Africa:
sq. km. Population thousands thousands
French possessions - 9 660 38 500
- 85.8% Arabs, etc.

8.0% French
- 88.4% natives
Africa: French colonies 38 500 British colonies 51660 Other
colonies 36 839 Semi-colonies 9 560
136 559
- 92.7% Egyptians
Negroes and small peoples
36 839 all colonies of Africa = 126 999 mainly Arabs 9 560 = "semi-colonies";
everything else in Africa = colonies
Algeria 575 5 564
Tunisia 125 1 957
Morocco 500 5000
West and Equatorial Africa 5352 21895
East Africa 714 3635
British possessions - 51660
United States of South Africa 1222 6 212
Nigeria 869 17 471
Gold Coast. 309 1502
Zanzibar 2 199
Other 3 788 11507
Egypt 3485 14 726
+Sinai 59 31
+ Thasos 8) 0.3 12
Belgian Congo 2 365 15 003
German possessions 2 707 11527
Portuguese possessions 2 070 8 352
Italian possessions ".,... 1 590 1 368
Tripolitania 1100 723
Eritrea and Somalia 490 645
Spanish possessions 560 589
Morocco (Tangier) 0.6 60
Abyssinia 1120 8000
Liberia 95 1500
Three lakes (Chad, Tanganyika and Nyasa) 87 -
136 559
3) Hübner assigns Sinai to Asia, Thasos to Europe and does not consider Egypt a "British possession." St. assigns Egypt to British possessions.

FROM A NOTEBOOK "AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS" AND OTHER
sq. km. Population thousands thousands semi-colonies
9 560 in Africa + 356 667 » Asia
366 227
3+7=10 states = all semi-colonies
Western Europe + Eng- without co- with coland + Japan lonies nies
1871-1876 - - (8 out of 14) 6 1914-1916 - - (3 out of 14) 11
Australia and Oceania
British possessions: 8 261 6 675
Australian
-82.3% Australians -69.7% New Zealanders
Union :::::::::7 704 4 922
New Zealand 271 1 085
Fiji Islands 19 154
German possessions 245 641
Dutch » 395 240 possessions of the U.S. 17.4 228
Hawaii 16.7 208
Tutuila 0..2 7
Guam ::::::::::.0.5 13
French possessions 23 81 unoccupied islands ::.13 -
Total Australia and Polynesia: 8955 7 865
Asia 409 677
Africa 126 999
Europe 250
America 12 306 all colonies in general 557 097 Western Europe:

1. Germany........ 548 64 926 92.5% Germans. Approximately 5
million "foreign" nations
Poles 5.47%
French 0.37
Danes 0.25
Population of Alsace-Lorraine = = 1,874 thousand

2. Great Britain 318 46 813 95% English language
including European co- Ireland 83 thousand sq.
lonies Gibraltar, Malta, km. 4375 thousand popu-
Gozo and Comino (0.3 250) lation = 4.4 million

3. France 536 39 602 93.7% French2)
Italians 1.3%2)
4. Italy 287 35 598 99.1% Italians
5. Spain 504 20 366 96.6% Spaniards
(+ Canary Islands and Presidios)
2) Data for 1881.

sq. km. Population thousands thousands
6. Belgium 29 7 571 43.4% Flemings (3)
38.1 French 81.5% only by language 53% Flemings
7. Holland 34 6 213 98.8% Dutch (+ coastal waters) 7 -
8. Portugal
(+ Azores and Madeira) 92 5 960 99.5% Portuguese
9. Sweden 448 5 639 99.4% Swedes
Finns - 25 thousand Lapps - 7 thousand

10. Denmark 145 2 860 96.3% Danes
(+ the Faroe Islands (born in D a– and Iceland) nii)
11. Norway 323 2 358 98.9% Norwegians
Total = 310 + 21)
12. Luxembourg 2 260 93.1% Germans
13. Monaco 0.001 23 (Italians, French, and others)
14. San Marino 0.06 11 (Italians)
15. Liechtenstein 0.1 11 (Germans)
16. Andorra 0.4 5 (Spaniards)
17. Switzerland 41 3 765 69% Germans
21.1 French 98.1% 8.0 Italians] 31%? “foreign” nations
Western Europe: Total 242 161
l) Hübner further adds “Thasos (to Egypt).” I classify Thasos as belonging to Egypt, to Africa. (3) In Belgium, 43.4% spoke only Flemish, while 38.1% spoke only French. Ergo, approximately: 43.4% of 81.5 = 53.2% Flemish within the population.
Western Europe:

17 – 5 toy states = 12
Of these, excluding colonies (9, 11, 17), i.e., 3
9 with colonies
In 1876, there were no colonies (1, 4, 6, 9, 11, 17), i.e., 6
6 with colonies
Without colonies: Sweden, population 5.6 million
Denmark, 2.9 million
Norway, 2.3 million
Switzerland, 3.8 million
14.6

FROM THE NOTEBOOK “AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS” AND OTHER WORKS
America:
sq. km. Population (thousands) (thousands)
United States (excluding Hawaii)
9,369 98,902 74.3% Americans ||
88.7% White
+ lakes and coastal waters 74.3% Americans 14.4% foreign
241 – natives
10.8% Black and Mulatto
0.3% Native Americans “Panama Canal Zone” 1,63 “Puerto Rico” 9,1184 in this column
year of independence— total U.S.: 100,149 (1783) years of independence
Brazil 8,497 24,908 (1829) 40% White
55.9% Native Americans, Mestizos, and others
Mexico 1,985 15,502 (1823) 99.3% Mexicans
Argentina 2,950 7,468 (1810) 78.5% Argentines
16% French, Spaniards, and Italians
Peru 1,834 5,580 (1821) 86.4% Native Americans, Mestizos, Mulattos
12% White
Colombia 1,206 5,071 (1819) 10% White
90% Mestizos, Blacks, Native Americans
Chile 758 3,505 (1820) Creoles, Mestizos, and more
Venezuela 1,020 2,756 (1813) 99% Mulattos
1% Creoles “Haiti” (the western portion of the island of Haiti) 29,2,500 (1820) 90% Blacks
Cuba 114 2,469 (1902) 66.4% White
33% Blacks, Mulattos
Bolivia 1,470 2,521 (1825) 77.8% Native Americans, Mestizos, and others

12% White
Guatemala 113 2,119 (1821) 65% Ladinos
35% Native Americans
Ecuador 307 1,500 (1822) 53% Native Americans, Blacks, and others

33% Spaniards and Mestizos sq. km. Population (thousands) (thousands)
Uruguay 187 1,279 (1828) “Whites and mixed-race.”
“Foreigners 181 thousand”
El Salvador 21 1,226 (1821) primarily mixed-race and Black
Paraguay 253 752 (1811) >90% White and mixed-race
Republic of San
Domingo 48 708 (1843) mainly Creoles and Mulattos
Honduras 115 566 (1821) 95% Native Americans and mixed-race
Nicaragua 128 460 (1821) 99% Native Americans, Blacks, and so on.

1% Europeans
Costa Rica 48 411 (1821) 99.5% Creoles, Native Americans,
Panama 86 364 (1903) Blacks—approximately 9/10 mixed-race,
Blacks and In-
British Possessions 8,962 10,431* Deys
Canada 8,528 8,075 since 1763 British
54% British
28.6% French
1.5% Native Americans
Newfoundland and
Labrador 129 245 since 1713 British
West Indies 32 1,752 Jamaica since 1494, Spanish from 1659 British
Guyana 234 305 since 1667, Dutch from 1803 British
Honduras 22 41 since 1786 British
Falkland and Bermuda Islands 17 24 Falklands since 1833 British
French Possessions 91 460 since 1674 French
Dutch Possessions 130 141 since 1667 Dutch

* As Hübner notes. Ed.

FROM THE NOTEBOOK “AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS” AND OTHER WORKS
sq. km. Population (thousands) (thousands)
Danish West Indies 0.3 27
All of America: 39,977 192,873
United States 98,902 all colonies 12,306 remaining America 81,665
All colonies in America:
British 10,431
French 460
Dutch 141
Danish 27
U.S. states 63 1,184
12,306
Types of Country Groups: Number of States Population in millions % of Oppressed Nations Era of National and Democratic Movements
Western Europe (12) 17 ¦19 242 99 394 7%' 7% 1789(1789. 1848)1566 (*) -1871
1 United States of America 1 99 11% 17 83- 1865
Japan 1 53 0%, - 1871
II Eastern Europe and its Asian Subregion 9 272 53% (1848.) 19 0 5.1909 *
South and Central America 20 82 ? (1823-1911)**
Semi-Colonies 10 366 ? 19 1 1*
111 Colonies ? around (60)? 557 100% (?) 20th Century*
Total (118) 1671

* See this volume, p. 700. Ed.
** Ibid., pp. 695–696. Ed.

(*) 1566 = the beginning of the Dutch Revolution

* Taï in manuscript. Ed.

Asia: The Entire Earth: (thousands) sq. km. Population 44,450 874,928
Europe ... 9,977 459,261 o
Africa 29,888 136,438
America .... 39,977 192,873
Australia Polar Regions 8,954 7,865 12,669 15
The Entire Earth 145,917 167,1380 (1916) Regarding Colonies (population in thousands)
in Europe Asia Africa Australia America—by 1871, there were no colonies at all.
England 250 324 879 51 660 6 675 10 431 393 895
France – 17 267 38 500 81 460 56 508* 6,000 in
Netherlands – 37 717 240 141 38 098 1876
Portugal – 980 8352 – – 9 332 (Germany) – 209 11527 641 – 12 377
U.S. states ¦– 8 938 – 228 1247 10 413 .– Japan – 19687 – .– – 19 6S7 –
Denmark – – – – 27 27
Belgium – .– 15 003 – – 15 003 – Italy – – 1368 – – 1368 ¦–
Spain – – 589 – – 589
Population (in thousands)
393 895 1. England 393 895
+ 56 508 2. France 56 508
450403 3. Netherlands 38 098
4. Portugal 9 332
5. Germany 12 377
6. United States 10 413
7. Japan 19 687
8. Denmark 27
9. Belgium 15 003
10. Italy 1368
11. Spain Total colonies: 589
557 297

FROM THE NOTEBOOK “AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS” AND OTHER WORKS
Total colonies = 557 million. Of these, India accounts for 320 million.
Semi-colonies = 366 » » » » China 330 »
Together 923 » China + India 650 »
Denmark has now (XII. 1916) exited the ranks of colonial powers (? but Iceland [a nation closely related by blood]).
Out of the 10 countries with colonies, 5 acquired colonies only after 1871.
Billions of francs of capital at the border (1913) (4) the wealthiest nations: Their populations, their colonies, the percentage of colonies relative to population, the order of capitalist development, iron ore production in millions of tons, the length of railway lines (here, including both states and colonies) in thousands of kilometers.
(millions)
Arndt 1 *
75 60 44 78.740.0 32.5 1. England 2. France 3. Germany... 47 40 65 394 5612.5 842% 141% 20% 3 4 2 9.04.017.6 207.8 63.5 67.9
179 10.0? 161.2 4. United States 100 10.4 10% 1 30.2 412.7
Ishkha-nian 14** 252 473
The remaining colonial countries 129 84 65%
381 557

* See p. 250 of this volume. Ed.
** See p. 246 of this volume. Ed.

The Picture of the Division of the World (in Relation to National Development)
( ) Financially and Politically Independent Countries ( ) Financially Non‑Independent, Politically Independent Countries ( ) Semi‑Colonies (China) ( ) Colonies and Politically Dependent States
250 + 300 + 350 + 750 = 1,650
Dates (Epochs) of Great Bourgeois–Democrat- 1649 ic Movements: 1789
National Movements: 1848 1848 (1871) 1905 1911 20th Century
= No less than 1.6 billion francs in capital invested abroad. At least 300 billion francs!!
) The four major powers—England + Germany + France + the United States—total 252 million inhabitants.
They possess: 473 million inhabitants in the colonies.
) 128 million in Eastern Europe (Russia + Austria +
Turkey) — a total of 144 million people under dependency.
+ 129 million in the small Western European states = 84 million in colo-
257 228 nies.
50 Japan
307 + portions of South and Central America ( ) China plus its semi‑colonial territories. ( ) 557 colonies + 144 = 701 million people under dependency, plus portions of South and Central America and parts of the semi‑colonies.