Date: 1912
Source: Lenin Collection, Volume 28
Pages: 373-380

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B. MACKAY. «CHINA, DIE REPUBLIK DER MITTE. IHRE PROBLEME UND AUSSICHTEN»
B. L. Freiherr von Mackay: «China, die Republik der Mitte. Ihre Probleme und Aussichten». Berlin 1914. (S.S. 264 + appendices).
A scoundrel, a reactionary, a fool, and a scoundrel who has gathered slanders on "radical democrats" (the "Kuomintang" with Sun Yat-sen at the head) from a dozen little books. No scientific value. P. ?? Appendix V. Flugblatt zu den Kuomintang = naive, democratic republicanism ((the author, a scoundrel, criticizes it in vain)). [Auseinandersetzung der Vorteile der Republik.]
From the literature:
James Cantlie & Sheridan Jones: «Sun Yat Sen & the Awakening of China». London, 1913.
Vosberg-Rekow: «Die Revolution in China». Berlin, 1912.
Joseph Schön: «Über die Ziele Russlands in China». Wien, 1900.
M. v. Brandt: «Ostasiatische Fragen». Berlin, 1897.
Wilhelm Schüler: «Abriss der neueren Geschichte Chinas». Berlin, 1903.

In the chapter "World Political Concerns and Struggles" (Chapter 13), a brief account of the plunder of China by Russia (Mongolia) [secret protocol in Urga 1912], Russia - Japan (Manchuria. Secret treaty between Russia and Japan 8. VII. 1912), England (Tibet), Germany (Jiaozhou) and so on.
Pp. 222—224: written after the Japanese ultimatum to Germany (in August or September 1914) — furious abuse of England for its "nur von Krämer-und Geldsackinteressen bestimmten Politik" (223), its crime against European culture, etc. etc. And the author himself is for "Ausbau der deutschen Machtstellung in China" (228)...
Germany's share in Chinese trade = 4.2%, in reality (NB) more than 7% — and up to 25% (!!?), if you count the entire mass of commodity turnover of the Germans.
England's share in Chinese trade = 50%, in reality 21% (p. 232).
... "so wie das internationale Kapital unter dem Einfluss der modernen imperialistischen Machtströmungen immer nationaler wird, muss der Mechanismus dessen, was wir Weltwirtschaft nennen, mehr und mehr den Gesetzen der großmächtlichen Nationalwirtschaften gehorchen" (235).
((in Chapter 14: "Germany's Mission"))
England and the United States "alone in the last year have raised the sum of 18 million marks for the establishment of new universities in Shandong, Hankou, and Hong Kong" (236) — compared to this amount, everything that Germany provided in the same period "appears tiny." Where do these funds come from? The main source: commercial and industrial enterprises of large British and American capitalists in China!!
England has "hundreds" of officials of its maritime customs service who know Chinese ("trained officer") — pioneers (239)...
Belgium and its trading interests in China (243): "Société d’Études des Chemins de fer en Chine," — its concessions for two railways in China.
P. 245 — map of projected (and existing) railways in China of three groups
1) German-------- (middle)
2) English--------------(smallest)
3) Russo-Franco-Belgian (largest)
According to Hennig ("Bahnen des Weltverkehrs", Leipzig 1909), the following railways already exist:
1) Beijing-Tianjin (and further to Dalian*)
2) Jiaozhou-Jinan
3) Beijing-Hankou
4) Shanghai-Pukou
... "Grossbritaniens ostasiatischer Schatten Arabien ist die Yangtsemündung und sein ostasiatisches Südpersien die Yangtseinteressensphäre" (246—7)...
The railway Tianjin-Pukou is being built jointly by the British and the Germans (247).
England has railway concessions in China for 4,900 km (247)...
Germany has railway concessions in China for 700 km (248)...
Great tasks of irrigation and drainage works in China — German technology in this respect is ahead of all (254—5 and following)...
The Chinese should sympathize not with the "radical democracy of the New World," not with the Anglo-Saxon constitutionalism with "faded kingship," but with monarchical Germany (257).
And long, boring, and stupid about the charms of German culture...
End