We have repeatedly received inquiries from Russia indicating the necessity of a systematic statement of the fundamental differences separating the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party and the party of legalist independentists2 who are engaged in a fierce struggle with revolutionary Social-Democracy.

The approaching election campaign makes these requests especially urgent. T h e pamphlet offered to the readers is a response to these demands of the Russian comrades.

The publication of Mr. Martov's brochure3 has compelled us to add a number of factual additions to the main text of the brochure and to give space to the explanations of the comrades affected by Mr. Martov.

Signatures: Grigory.

Lenin.

Kamenev.

July 1911.

The brochure was published with specially raised funds.

Fond 2, op. 1, d. 23584 - autograph of L.B.Kamenev.

1Referring to L.B.Kamenev's brochure "Two Parties" with a foreword by V.I.Lenin dated August 2, 1911 (A.D.) (see: Lenin V.I. Complete Collected Works, vol. 20, pp. 295-298). Lenin familiarized himself with the proofreading of the brochure, proposed an insertion (see ibid., p. 299) and some amendments (see Lenin's letter to Kamenev - ibid., vol. 48, p. 36). It has not been possible to establish how the statement was disseminated.

2This was the name given by Lenin to the groups of Mensheviks who held pronounced liquidationist positions. Their leaders in Russia were considered by the Bolsheviks to be A.N. Potresov and Mikhail, Roman and Yuri, who had left the Central Committee of the RSDLP.

3I am referring to L.Martov's brochure "Saviors or Abolitionists? (Who and How Destroyed the RSDLP)". Izd. "Voices of the Social-Democrat". Paris, 1911.

G.V.Plekhanov in "Diary of a Social-Democrat" No. 15, October 1911 published K.Kautsky's review of Martov's brochure: "In Lenin's actions we saw only an answer to Martov's disgusting brochure against him, which would have been directly senseless if it had not been aimed at forcing a split".