V. I. Lenin

Plan for Lectures on Marxism {1}

| Marxism | The Agrarian Question |
| --- | --- |
| (α) Theory of surplus value (Mehrwert). | (α) Commodity production in agriculture. |
| (β) Economic development. | (β) Small-scale vs. large-scale production. |
| (γ) Class struggle. | (γ) Wage labour. |
| (δ) Philosophical materialism. | (δ) Rent. |

| α | 1. Earlier socialists: “unjust”, etc. A symptom of emotion instead of
understanding. |
| --- | --- |
| 2. “Labour principle” (in Russia). |
| 3. Commodity production. |
| 4. Capitalism. Theory of Mehrwert . |

| (β) | 1. Economic development. Industry (1907). |
| --- | --- |
| 2. Russian handicraftsmen. |
| 3. Agriculture. |
| 4. Railways and trusts, |
| 5. Finance capital. |
| 6. Socialisation of production. Socialised labor is r and individual appropriation . |

| (γ) | 1. The proletariat and its cohesion (serf peasant—pauper—proletarian). |
| --- | --- |
| 2. Separate strikes. “Wrecking” of machines. |
| 3. Trade unions and the movement. |
| 4. Political struggle: | | | Britain—Liberals France—Radicals (Republicans) Germany—Liberals (1860s) and opportunists. |
| 5. Revolutionary aims of the working class: expropriation of the capitalists. |
| 6. Revolutionary struggle and struggle for reforms. |

| (δ) | Philosophical materialism. |
| --- | --- |
| 1. Marx’a theory=integrated world outlook. |
| 2. Two main world outlooks and philosophical starting-points:
religious obscurantism and materialism. |
| 3. Engels (Ludwig Feuerbach). |
| 4. 1789 France—Hegel and Fenerbach in Germany (before 1848). |
| 5. Dialectical materialism. |
| 6. Russia: Chernyshevsky Narodniks present-day opportunists (Bogdanov). |