Съезд признает безусловно необходимой борьбу с принципиальной позицией меньшевиков или новоискровцев, отклонившихся от революционной социал-демократии в сторону оппортунизма. The Congress recognizes as absolutely necessary the struggle against the principled position of the Mensheviks or New Iskra-ists, who have deviated from revolutionary Social-Democracy in the direction of opportunism. Already at the Second Congress of the Party this manifested itself both in individual arguments and in the entire composition of the minority consisting of opponents of the old *Iskra* and the least principally consistent elements. After the Second Congress, this turn of the Mensheviks toward trade-unionist opportunism became so evident that they themselves acknowledged the chasm between the old and new *Iskra*. And indeed, on a whole series of questions the new *Iskra* has put forward decidedly incorrect positions and theories that obscure the class consciousness of the proletariat. This includes the theory of organization-as-process, which debases Marxism to the justification of disorganization and intelligentsia anarchism. This includes the return to erroneous views on the relation of the Party to the class, which diminish the tasks of the Party as the vanguard, leader, and organizer of the class. Equally incorrect and reactionary were the disagreements that the new *Iskra* raised with the old *Iskra* on the question of relations with the liberals and plans for a zemstvo campaign—on the preparation of an uprising and the notorious utopianism of thoughts about its purpose and conduct—on the tasks of arming the masses and their technical and organizational leadership during the revolution—on the impossibility and undesirability of the revolutionary democratic dictatorship of the proletariat and petty bourgeoisie in the epoch of the overthrow of autocracy, and so forth. All these views drag the Party backward not only in theoretical respects, but also directly in practical ones, being especially harmful and destructive to the Party of the revolutionary proletariat in the revolutionary moment that Russia is experiencing. The Congress therefore instructs all Party members to explain the incorrectness of such views in their propaganda and agitation.