Joseph Patouillet: L’impérialisme américain.
Dijon. 1904 (Thèse). (Pp. 388)
Dissertation. A completely student piece.
No scientific value, except for abundant quotes and a summary of certain facts. Legal chatter predominates, the economic side is weak.
The author quotes (at the beginning) Hobson ("Imperialism") and takes the most general from it.
The author speaks, as a fact, about English imperialism (p. 33 et seq.) and German imperialism (p. 36 et seq.) (sections I and II in ch. II).
2 words about Japanese and Russian imperialism (p. 39 in fine).
P. 43:
"Pratiquer l’impérialisme, c’est désirer les clés du monde, non les clés militaires comme sous l’empire romain, mais les grandes clés économiques et commerciales. C’est chercher, non pas un arrondissement territorial, mais la conquête et l’occupation des grands carrefours où passe le commerce de l’univers; c’est vouloir non pas de grandes colonies, mais des colonies habilement disposées pour jeter autour du globe un filet serré, continu, de stations, de dépôts de charbon et de câbles."

Joseph Patouillet: American Imperialism.
Dijon. 1904 (Dissertation). (388 pages)
Dissertation. A completely student piece.
No scientific value, except for abundant quotes and a summary of certain facts. Legal chatter predominates, the economic side is weak.
[JOSEPH PATOUILLET. "AMERICAN IMPERIALISM"]
The author quotes (at the beginning) Hobson ("Imperialism") and takes the most general from it.
The author speaks, as a fact, about English imperialism (p. 33 et seq.) and German imperialism (p. 36 et seq.) (sections I and II in ch. II).
2 words about Japanese and Russian imperialism (p. 39 at the end).
P. 43:
"To adhere to imperialism means to strive for the keys of the world, but not the military keys, as in the days of the Roman Empire, but the great economic and trade keys. It means striving not to increase territory, but to seize and occupy the great crossroads through which world trade passes; striving not for large colonies, but for colonies advantageously located to cast a dense, continuous network of stations, coal depots, and cables around the globe."
[ 37 ]

(Quote from De Lapradelle: "L’impérialisme et l’Américanisme aux États-Unis" Revue du Droit Public, 1900, t. XIII, p. 65 - 6. Quoted in Patouillet, p. 43).
Driault (Problèmes politiques, p. 221-2):
"L’écrasement de l’Espagne fut une révélation... Il paraissait entendu que l'équilibre du monde était une question à débattre entre 5—6 principales puissances d’Europe: une inconnue s’introduit dans le problème" (p. 49).
"Ainsi la guerre de Cuba a été une guerre économique, en ce sens qu’elle avait pour but d’accaparer le marché sucrier de l’île; de même l’annexion des Hawaii et des Philippines avait pour cause le désir de se procurer le café et le sucre produits par ces pays tropicaux" (p. 51). (Id. p. 62-3) ...
"Ainsi, conquête de débouchés, recherche de produits tropicaux: voilà la cause première de cette politique d’expansion coloniale que l’on caractérise par le nom d’Impérialisme. Toutes ces colonies fourniront aussi d’excellents points stratégiques dont nous aurons à indiquer la valeur: ... afin de s’assurer les marchés d’Asie... il leur fallait des points d’appuis... (p. 64)."
% of exports from the United States **
Europe
North America
South America
Asia
Oceania
Africa

79.13
13.03
4.06
2.07
0.82
0.84

86.10
8.31
2.77
1.30
0.90
0.01

* Lenin quoted (according to Patouillet): "une question", but in the original source (in Driault) it reads: "une querelle". Ed.
** The following table is taken from the same source (from Patouillet's book), pp. 102 and 103. Ed.
Total exports: millions of dollars
[1890
1.394.5

JOSEPH PATOUILLET. "AMERICAN IMPERIALISM" (Quote from de Lapradelle: "Imperialism and Americanism in the United States" "Revue du Droit Public". 1900, vol. XIII, pp. 65-6. Quoted in Patouillet, p. 43).
Driault (Political Problems, pp. 221-2):
"The crushing of Spain was a revelation... It seemed established that the world balance was a question to be resolved by 5-6 major powers of Europe: an unknown quantity has entered this problem" (p. 49).
"Thus the war over Cuba was an economic war in the sense that it aimed to seize the island's sugar market; likewise, the annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines was dictated by the desire to seize the coffee and sugar produced by these tropical countries" (p. 51). (Ibid., pp. 62-3)...
"Thus, the conquest of markets, the search for tropical products - this is the main cause of this policy of colonial expansion, which is called imperialism. All these colonies will also serve as excellent strategic points, the value of which we will indicate: ... in order to secure the Asian markets... they needed points of support..." (p. 64).
Total exports: millions of dollars
% of exports from the United States **
Europe
North America
South America
Asia
Oceania
Africa

79.74
13.46
2.70
4.86
3.11
1.70

72.80
14.78
2.75
4.83
2.48
2.42

very many, a mass of indications of the upcoming struggle over the Pacific Ocean.
Hawaiian Islands - 1/2 way from Panama to Hong Kong.
Philippines - a step towards Asia and China (p. 118). Same 119-120-122.
The war with Spain over Cuba was justified by the interests of freedom, the liberation of Cuba, etc. (p. 158 et seq.).
The Constitution requires equality of all taxes, etc. in all the United States. "Interpreted" that this does not apply to the colonies, because they are not part of the United States, but belong to them (p. 175). "As far as possible" (de) they will expand the rights of the colonies (p. 190) (they do not give full rights)...
Canada. Its economic subjugation prepares the way for its political "incorporation" (p. 198).
The United States of America "Germany" (so) wants "to oppose the United States of Europe" (p. 205)...
..."Since 1897, Wilhelm II has repeatedly expressed the idea of a policy of unification to combat overseas competition - a policy based on a European customs agreement, a kind of continental blockade directed against the United States"... (205) ... "In France, the organization of a European customs union was preached by Paul Leroy-Beaulieu" (206)...
..."An agreement between European states will perhaps be one of the happy results of American imperialism" (206)

that's it!
The United States of Europe (and Wilhelm II)
"happy result"

In America, events provoked a struggle between anti-imperialists and imperialists (p. 268, book II, ch. I: "Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists")... Imperialism contradicts freedom, etc., leads to the enslavement of colonies, etc. (all democratic arguments: a series of quotes). One American anti-imperialist quoted Lincoln's words:
"When the white man governs himself, that is self-government; but when he governs himself and also governs others, it is no longer self-government, but despotism" (272),
- Phelps: "Intervention of the United States on the Island of Cuba" (New York 1898) and others declared the Cuban war "criminal", etc.
Chapter III, p. 293, is titled: "Modern Policy of the United States: the combination of imperialism and the Monroe Doctrine": combined, interpreted!!!
South Americans rebel (p. 311 et seq.) against the interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine that America belongs to the North Americans. They are afraid of the United States and want independence. The United States has "designs" on South America and is fighting the growing influence of Germany.......
(Cf. from the literature indications of Novikov see especially) *
By annexing the Philippines, the United States deceived the leader Aguinaldo, promising the country freedom (p. 373): "the annexation was qualified as a "deception of the jingoists""
Atkinson. Criminal assault, by whom was it committed? Boston 1899.
North-American Review 1899, September.

september. Filipino. "Aguinaldo's case against the United States".
In South America, there is a growing desire for rapprochement with Spain, the congress in Madrid in 1900 (Spanish-American) was attended by delegates from 15 South American states (p. 326) *. The growth of ties with Spain, its influence, "Latin" sympathies, etc. (**).
P. 379: "L’ère des guerres nationales semble désormais passée"...
(wars over markets, etc.)
* "Revue des deux mondes". 1901 (15. XI)
[p. 427] \ (**) Slogan: "Spanish-American Union"
* Referring to the article Alcide Ebray "Une réconciliation: l'Espagne et l'Amérique Latine" (Alcide Ebray "Reconciliation: Spain and Latin America"). Ed.

JOSEPH PATOUILLET. "AMERICAN IMPERIALISM"

Filipino: "Aguinaldo's Accusations Against the United States".
In South America, there is a growing desire for rapprochement with Spain, the congress in Madrid in 1900 (Spanish-American) was attended by delegates from 15 South American states (p. 326) *. The growth of ties with Spain, its influence, "Latin" sympathies, etc. (**).
P. 379: "The era of national wars, it seems, has now passed"...
(wars over markets, etc.)
* "Revue des deux mondes". 1901 (15. XI)
[p. 427] \ (**) Slogan: "Spanish-American Union"