He has “dry sand” which is being gradually brought into
cultivation (green fertiliser). He uses kainite, etc., “on a
large scale” ... he does row tillage, ... there is no lack of straw,
new cow sheds ... various machines.... Cattle well fattened....
Cow shed is built advantageously, and is spacious and full of light.... The cattle have clean and dry litter (299),
etc.—yield a great quantity of good manure, etc., etc.
Keeps farm-hands....
(In conclusion the author argues hotly against the assumption that debts help to improve farming. On the contrary,
he says, debts tend to oppress, etc. A farm needs capital;
examples of rich peasants with capital, traders, a former
policeman, etc., etc.)
Crop yield in kg per h a:
wheat rye barley oats potatoes fodder beets
Landowners
1,000- 2,800
600- 2,200
1,200- 3,000 600- 2,800
10- 21
20- 80 thous.
thous.
Peasants
400- 1,800
300- 1,400
250- 2,000
440- 1,800
42- 14
4- 52 thous.
thous.
b.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES
AND ANNOTATIONS
Dr. Michael Hainisch: “Die Zukunft der Deutsch-Oesterreicher”. Eine statistischvolkswirtschaftliche Studie. (Wien,
1892). S. 165.*
There appears to be very little statistics proper here,
but there seems to be something on the debts of peasants and
the ruin of peasant farms under the influence of the money
economy: Section IV (pp. 114-53): “Plight of Peasantry,
etc.
Dr. Carl von Grabmayr (Landtagsabgeordneter in Meran).
Schuldnoth und Agrarreform. Eine agrar-politische Skizze
* Dr. Michael Hainisch: “The Future of the Germano-Austrians.”
A Statistical-Economic Study.—Ed.


mit besonderer Berücksichtigung Tirols. Meran 1894.
(S. 211).*
General figures on
Alsohis. Die Agrarreform im Tiroler the growth
Landtag. Meran 1896. (S. 157).** of debt
Statistische Monatsschrift. Wien 1901, Neue Folge, VI.
Jahrgang (der ganzen Reihe 27. Jahrgang).
(Alfred Hölder. k.u.k. Hof- und Universitätsbuchhandler.
Wien I. Rothenthurmstrasse. 13.)***
Also issued by his publishing house
Sociale Rundschau , herausgegeben vom k.k.
arbeitsstatistischen Amte. Monthly; 2 K. a year = 2 Mk.
Einzelne Hefte = 20 H. = 30 Pf.****
Written in June-September 1901
First published in 1938 in Lenin Miscellany XXXI
Printed from the original
* Dr. Carl von Grabmayr (Landtag Deputy in Meran). The Debt Burden
and Agrarian Reform. An Agrarian-Political Essay with Special Consideration
of the Situation in Tyrol.—Ed
** Agrarian Reform in the Tyrolean Landtag.—Ed.
*** Statistical Monthly. Vienna 1901, New Series. Sixth year of publication
(27th year of publication or the whole series).
(Alfred Hölder, bookseller to the imperial and royal court, and universities, 13, Rothenthurmstrasse, Vienna.)—Ed.
**** Social Surrey, published by the Imperial and Royal Labour Statistics
Department. Monthly 2 kronen a year = 2 marks. Each issue = 20 hellers =
30 pfennigs.—Ed.
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