In *Development of Capitalism in Russia* Lenin provides a Marxist analysis of the results of the first general census of the population in Russia in 1897. Lenin devotes attention to this question in a series of paragraphs and especially in the appendix to the second edition of the book (Coll., vol. III, pp. 590—594). The materials of the population census were printed in separate issues from 1897. Issue I is devoted to a characterization of the population of Russia on January 28, 1897 by districts.

III/к and 465/к

FIRST GENERAL CENSUS OF THE POPULATION
OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN 1897— ISSUES I AND II.—ST. PETERSBURG 1897

On page 47 of the collection, Lenin makes a notation regarding information on the permanent urban population (11,850,546):
and according to the 2nd issue 12,027,128 = 12.76%.
These figures express the quantity of the determinate urban population and its specific weight in the general population of the country.
On a blank sheet Lenin also calculates the specific weight of the permanent urban population:
11,830,546 : 94,215,415 = 12.11%.
The second issue of the population census materials provides information on the population of cities on January 28, 1897. Lenin makes a series of corrections to the figures, calculates the number of cities in each province, and on page 42 derives an approximate quantity of cities for all of Russia (60 provinces):
approximately 15 × 60 = 900 cities
On the blank sheets of the collection Lenin provides the following grouping of cities in European Russia (50 provinces) by population:
In 50 provinces of European Russia 604 cities were counted here
5 having
200 thousand
9
"
100—200 "
50—100 "
10—25 "
3
"
1
"
< 1 "
?? 610

FIRST GENERAL CENSUS OF THE POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE FOR 1897
European Russia, 50 provinces
Cities having:
200 thousand
100—200 thousand
50—100 thousand

St. Petersburg
1,267,023
Moscow
1,035,664
Riga
282,943
Kiev
247,430
Odessa
405,041
5 cities
3,238,103

Kharkov
174,846
Vilno
159,568
Saratov
137,109
Kazan
131,508
Ekaterinoslav
121,216
Rostov-on-Don
119,889
Astrakhan
113,001
Tula
111,048
Kishinev
108,796
9 cities
1,176,981

Minsk
91,494
Nikolaev
92,060
Samara
91,672
Nizhny Novgorod
95,124
Voronezh
84,146
Yaroslavl
70,610
Oryol
69,858
Kherson
69,219
Kovne
73,543
Orensburg
72,740
Dvinsk
72,231
Riga
282,943
Revel
64,578
Libava
64,505
Zhitomir
65,452
Vitebsk
66,143
Belostock
63,927
Elizavetgrad
61,841
Penza
61,851
Kremenchug
58,648
Kronstadt
59,539
Taganrog
51,965
Novocherkassk
52,005
Kursk
52,896
Tver
53,477
Polltava
53,060
Berditchev
53,728
Ivanovo-Voznesensk
53,949
Sevastopol
50,710
Tsaritsyn
55,967
Ekaterinburg
55,488
30 cities
1,982,426
44 cities
6,397,510