"Review of the Yaroslavl Province", issue II, is compiled from reports from local correspondents of 466 volosts of the Yaroslavl Province. These reports are printed in the book without any processing, the rich factual information is not systematized, there are no summary statistical tables. The book has more than two hundred pages of closely printed text. Lenin carefully, volost by volost, examines this raw material, makes numerous remarks and notes, singles out particularly interesting facts, compares (as in other books) the data of this review with other sources, mainly with the "Index of Factories and Plants" for 1890.

Lenin uses individual illustrations from this book in various chapters of "The Development of Capitalism in Russia".

Lenin writes general remarks about this source on the reverse side of the title page.

At the end of the book, to the table on the sizes and types of migrant trades by districts of the Yaroslavl province, Lenin writes in the margins from another source the basic data on the factory and plant industry of the province (number of factories, workers and the amount of production).

677/к

REVIEW OF THE YAROSLAVL PROVINCE .— ISSUE 1 1. MIGRANT TRADES OF PEASANTS of the Yaroslavl province . —
YAROSLAVL 18 9 6

It would be worthwhile to try to process the material of this book,
loaded by volosts in such a raw form that no conclusions are possible except that "there are reviews." But there are reviews
about anything.
If for each volost (out of 166 in the province, about which
information is given) to choose answers to the questions:
*> • <( 1) Is going away to work developing or not?
2) Since when did it begin?
3) What kind of work do they mainly go to?
yes *> 4) Are there improved tools? Is their number increasing?
yes
5) Is there grass sowing? Is it developing? Is it noted
that on rented, bought lands or at individual owners?
no <* 6) Is there hiring of incoming workers? Often or rarely?
Only by migrant workers or also by those who remain?
[illegible]

REVIEW OF THE YAROSLAVL PROVINCE
7) Is there land lease? Often?
8) How much do they lease the land for?
a) for gardens?
b) for the entire quitrent?
c) for part of the quitrent?
9) Is there abandoned land? Is it increasing or decreasing?
10) When do workers come home: in summer or in winter?

U. Yaroslavl district (4o%)
Arable farming is the main occupation of the peasants of the district, but it is also still
an area of significantly developed domestic trades:
up to 3,528 people are engaged in them, or 2.9% of the entire available population of the district...
Domestic *) trades in 2 of the named volosts have a fairly strong development...
o. Poshekhonsky district (P%)
6. Lyubim district (44°10)
... Landlord estates, even with entire estates, quickly pass into the hands of other estates,
mostly peasants, but peasants only by official name, but completely lost
... in the villages of Kachaevo (20), Golenishchi (30), Teli-
shchevo and Malgino 75 families weave canvas to order in winter...

according to the table
2.695 domestic from the total number
23.495 i.e. > 1 0 % to order of consumers or manufacturers?
... Land lease is practiced in the villages of Gelevo, Malinniki and Telyatyevo. Land is leased
to relatives or other community members "mostly for the payment of taxes and the performance
of duties and with an additional payment to that by the owner
to the lessee"...

*) By the concept of "domestic trades" we will understand:
1) rural craft with the production of certain
products to order; 2) handicraft trades with the production
of goods for an indefinite market and 3) the domestic form of
factory industry and in general domestic work to order of a large entrepreneur-trader of a manufacturer.

N8
Leninist Collection xxxiii

LENINIST COLLECTION
NB
in the village of Davydkovo there is a tannery (according to the "Index")
NB !
M
extremely high price compared with the central black earth
provinces all traces of the peasant type due to their industrial and commercial activities. Many
of them even settled in the landlord estates they bought ...
"The most characteristic feature of this district, giving a completely exceptional
physiognomy to the type of Lyubim population and its way of life,
consists in the tavern trade... The entire Lyu- bim population
has long, perhaps, for centuries been brought up for this trade...

S. Romanovo-Borisoglebsky district (46%)
In the Davydovskaya volost, there are 27 craftsmen and artisans;
of these, 14 are shoemakers, 3 are felt makers, and 3 are owners of tanneries...
... In most villages, migrant agricultural workers from the Vologda and Arkhangelsk provinces are hired for plowing. Land lease
by migrant families is practiced in 5 villages of the Ryzhikovskaya volost... they lease for the payment
of all taxes and duties free of charge...
In Savinskaya "lease occurs in rare cases and mainly for a six-month salary of taxes
and the performance of personal duties." In the Bogorodskaya
volost, land in 19 villages is leased "for the payment of an incomplete salary of taxes"...

9. Uglich district (20%)
... If land is leased to a neighbor for cultivation, then the latter is paid w25 rubles per soul for this...

Conclusion and conclusions
Only energetic, broad and permanent (partial and temporary cannot help at all)
assistance to handicraft trades can, if not lead to the victory of handicraft over factory production,
then weaken the evil that always

REVIEW OF THE YAROSLAVL PROVINCE
occurs during the modern transition to any branch of the national
economy from manual to machine. If the handicraftsmen had the means for
the purchase of material, there would be a cooperative organization, then the results of the introduction of large capitalist
manufacturing industry into the national life would be somewhat
different. Then the factory, if it won, would win indeed only by its technical and organizational
superiority, and not simply turned out to be the winner
there, where there is no one to defeat; secondly, then, even if the factory won, a
strong, and not helpless handicraft production *) could
surrender to the capitalist factory on somewhat different, more favorable terms...
... since the abolition of serfdom... the economic life of Russia, although not quite in the desired
way, but still went like a train from a railway station faster and faster...
Cities began to grow even faster, and they were joined by the growth of human settlements of a new type, the type
intermediate between city and village — factory- plant centers...
... going away to work takes from the peasant population
of the province from
И to 20% from its 10 districts. This figure... determines the % ratio of the number of
migrant-industrial workers to the entire available population
of both sexes. And how many children, decrepit old men and other
people unable to work are among this available population! If it were possible to determine
the number of persons in this category, especially children,
subtract this number from the entire population and calculate the % ratio of the number of migrant-industrial
workers only to the able-bodied population, then this percentage would rise to 40-50% or more.
If, further, we note that the male and most energetic element predominantly goes away, then the significance of the amount of forces that going away to work takes
from the village, from agriculture, will become clear...

By handicraft production we mean such in which 1) the instruments of labor and in general all capital belong
to the producer himself and 2) these producers are at the same time also
farmers. Without the latter characteristic, production can be considered
"people's", "cooperative", but not "handicraft".

* See above, p. 513 of "Collection"* Ed.

noticeably immediately retelling the wisdom of Messrs. V. V.
and N. — she!
agreed! !!
!
NB
exactly!
total going away 11— 30% of these, male workers
7 .,- 1 4 7 0 working population
30—56% is that so!? and where to put the definition on p.
6, footnote? *

Factory and plant industry
Uyezds
Furnacemen, Number of Factories
Workers
Total production
Stucco workers, stone masons in thousands of rubles i
1. Rybinsk
1,703
4,510 (57 mills)
2. Uglich
—
(62 mills)
1,642
1,568
3. R. - Borisogleb
(? mills)
1,710
1,302
4. Danilov
4,682 (407 mills, 107 forges)
5. Myshkin
17,695
6. Lyubim
18,425 (13 cheese dairies and creameries not a single mill) *)
7. Yaroslavl
Z.Sh (62 mills)
1,255
4,102
8. Mologa
(66 mills, 22 cheese dairies and creameries)
2,527
9. Rostov
(810 potato factories, 94 mills, 114 forges)
10. Poshekhon
(182 mills, 135 creameries and cheese dairies)
3,376 *)
29,107
29/y 5
Total for the province
10,049
Construction workers

REVIEW OF YAROSLAVL PROVINCE
Number going away to casual craft jobs
Paviors
Painters
Roofers
Carpenters
Sawyers
Shipbuilders
Joiners, turners and upholsterers
—
—
—
—
—
—
_
_
,
_
—
—
i
_
—
—
—
-
i
!
_
1,113
_
_
—
—
1,185
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,560
3,197
1,631
1,867
20,170

*)/including
930 mills
\
(
^>170 cheese dairies and creameries
2)
|
\
}> 221 forge
/
" according to the "Index" of 1890:
472 factories 22,025 workers. 30.141 thousand rubles.
(including 207 mills
48 cheese dairies
- not a single forge)
Oil mills according to the "Index"
1890 - /0, and according to these data
24 (uezd No. 5) -f- 37 (No. 2) -|- 19 (uezd No.
4) 29 (No. 6) -f- 61
(X 9) = У 7 0 potato-starch and treacle according to "Index"
1890 - 31, and according to this information in one Rostov u. - 8 4 0 !!
*) In "Index" of 1890 in the list
48 mills in Lyubim uezd!!
2) -f- Rybinsk uezd (p. 33): 22 establishments (53 thousand)