Date: 1905
Source: ru:LS/v5

Source: ru:LS/v5

Lenin’s Collection, Part f)
14. UN 1789 and the “Municipal Revolution.” Montpellier.
“Emigrants” — 1789 and 1905. {40,000} 18)
(•u) “Smolensk” — August 2, 1905. Struve voted in favor; for us, that is far from sufficient. 19)
(V) [Struvism] On the 6th [on the 6th of every month] — a new form of self-movement.
(Cf. No. 12: Proletariat).
9) “Drive home” the slogans. The Four-Footed (franchise) — the Six-Footed (freedoms) — the Short List of the Most Immediate Revolutionary Tasks. 10). “The Ideological Goal of the Campaign.”
(A clear goal and a clear path.)
{Compare with m i r }
10) Results: Five Points...
1)
Intensified agitation around
•
the bill on the State Duma and elections to the State Duma. — 2) The rallying cry: the “Triad”: armed uprising, revolutionary army, provisional revolutionary government. — 3) Unity in agitation and struggle against revolutionary democracy—that is, against those who recognize this Triad. — 4) Support for the left wing of bourgeois democracy and its doctrine of boycott, in order to draw them into revolutionary democracy. — 5) Denounce the bourgeois “compromisers” for their betrayal of the revolution.
||
Five points:
1) Intensified agitation.
2) The slogan: “The Triad,” in addition to the “Four-Footed” and the “Seven-Six” freedoms (of speech, conscience, the press, assembly, association, and strike).
3) Joining forces with revolutionary democracy.
4) Supporting and developing the idea of boycott—that is, diverting the left wing of bourgeois democracy toward revolutionary bourgeois democracy.
5) Denouncing the compromisers.

The drafts printed below represent Lenin’s additional notes on paragraphs 8 and 9 of the preceding document. They were, in fact, fully incorporated into the article.
* ADDITIONAL NOTES.
14. VII & AFTER IN THE PROVINCES20).

IN THE TAIL OF THE MONARCHIST BOURGEOISIE

(1) Example: July 1789.
/In Montpellier, they voted to express gratitude to the intendant for his submission to the people, July 14, 1789, and August 14, 1905.
Reactionary Emigrants
Revolutionary Emigrants18).
(2) Example: Smolensk19).
|
Self-Government and the Army. There are countries where there is self-government but no army,
)
[
self-government exists, yet there is no army, J
Without a revolutionary army—and without its complete victory, culminating in a provisional revolutionary government—it is impossible to achieve genuine revolutionary self-government. After victory, it does not simply vanish.
The Four-Footed—democratic republic—separation of church and state…
1) Armed uprising—2) Revolutionary army—
3) Provisional revolutionary government.
A v[ice] versa21)?
no
Slogans to “hammer home”:
JNls 75 Liberation (NB)
|! (1) autocracy
j (2) bourgeois compromisers!
IJ 3) revolutionary proletariat
[
I
:
Governance and Organization? Revolutionary Self-Government
or the self-determination of the people? Struvism and social democracy.
Revolutionary self-government is by no means incompatible with the theory of compromise. Self-determination of the people, however, is absolutely incompatible.
Summary of diverse responses to the question of elections to the State Duma. The summary could have been the draft of a separate list.


* ON ELECTIONS TO THE STATE DUMA.
1) Participate in and vote only for supporters of autocracy (Moscow News)
2) Participate in and vote only for liberals (Vestnik Evropy, Rus’, Osvozhdenie, etc. etc.)

3) Participate in and vote only for representatives of the democratic and liberal camp (Iskra)
4) Participate in and vote only for those with imperialist mandates (Kiev Lawyers).
5) Participate in and vote only while bearing revolutionary obligations (Cherevanin in Iskra)22).
6) Active boycott under the slogan of a nationwide constituent assembly (Bund)23).
7) Active boycott under the slogan of armed uprising, revolutionary army, revolutionary government (Proletariy).
a part24): choose for themselves, through spontaneous emergence, a truly nationwide constituent assembly.
(Iskra, and in part Bund)23).
*) Leninsche Richtung — Lenin’s direction.
2) Gardini — one of the pseudonyms of the Socialist-Revolutionary V. M. Chernov.
3) We are referring to Martov’s article, published in the Austrian Social-Democratic organ “Arbeiter Zeitung” (“Workers’ Newspaper”), in No. 233 dated August 24 (November 11), 1905: “Das russische Proletariat und die Duma” (“The Russian Proletariat and the Duma”).
4) The article — s.s. — “To Go or Not to Go to the State Duma” in “Osvozhdenie,” No. 75, dated August 19 (June 6), 1905.
While speaking out against the boycott of the Bulygin Duma, — s.s. — he pointed out that for the radical faction of the Congress of Unions, the central focus lay in demanding a change to the electoral system, whereas for the moderate faction of the bourgeoisie, the emphasis was on expanding the powers of the Duma. — s.s. — (the middle letters of the word “professor”). Under this pseudonym, P. N. Milukov collaborated in “Osvozhdenie.”
5) In the article “What Our Liberal Bourgeoisie Wants and What It Fears,” Lenin cites a passage from historian Pavel Vinogradov’s article in No. 210 of “Russkie Vedomosti,” dated August 18 (May 5), 1905: “Political Letters”:
“I do not know whether Russia will ever be able to move toward a new order along a path similar to the one Germany took in 1848—but I have no doubt that we must make every effort to embark upon that path, rather than follow the road France chose in 1789.” (Works, Vol. VIII, p. 189).
6) Verlrauensduseln — glib trustfulness.
7) Lenin, quoting Martov’s reference to the supposed prevalence of revolutionary self-government in two provinces of the Caucasus, writes: “Isn’t it naive to forget that in the Caucasus (not just in two provinces, but in several volosts) self-government rests upon armed insurrection?
Isn’t it childish to suppose that what may be possible in a few villages in remote mountainous regions can somehow be realized in the heart of Russia without the people first conquering autocracy?” (Works, Vol. VIII, p. 177).

ON ELECTIONS TO THE STATE DUMA

8)
Key Dates of the French Revolution of 1789 and the Revolution in Germany in 1848.
°) The article “The Boycott of the Bulygin Duma and the Uprising.” Proletariy, No. 12, dated August 16 (3), 1905 (Works, Vol. VIII, pp. 143–149).
10)
“The Triad” — three slogans: 1) armed uprising, 2) revolutionary army, 3) provisional revolutionary government.
11) In Dana’s article “Our Tactics Regarding the State Duma” (Iskra, No. 108, dated August 26 (13), 1905), we find the following passages:
“Now that we are no longer engaged in mere training maneuvers, but in a real battle, the policy of folded arms will, of course, find even fewer adherents…”
…“An ever-growing number of comrades… irrevocably reject the political abstentionism so strenuously imposed upon the Party by certain ‘leaders,’ clearly with the aim of offering up all of their quasi-socialist purity at the altar of the beloved ‘provisional government’ in one fell swoop.”
12) The article states: “Proletariy, for its part, considers it absolutely unacceptable to veil—or even to postpone—the slogan of uprising behind the slogan of organizing revolutionary self-government.”
13) We are referring to the unsigned editorial “Revolutionary Self-Government of Citizens” in the popular organ published by the Mensheviks, “Social-Demokrat” (No. 12, dated August 31 (18), 1905).
14) Miserable — meager, paltry.
15) In Proletariy, No. 14, dated August 29 (16), in the section “From Public Life,” we find the resolution passed by the Congress of Delegates of the Union of Unions, calling for active boycott. Paragraph 2 of this resolution states:
“It is deemed unacceptable for members of the Union of Unions either to see anyone elected to the proposed State Duma or to take personal part in it.” Paragraph 3 reads: “…to attend electoral assemblies at all levels and to agitate there in favor of urging electors to abstain from participating in the elections.”
16) From a letter by Cherevanin in F. Dana’s article “Our Tactics and the State Duma.” (Iskra, No. 108, dated August 26 (13), 1905.) Criticizing the proponents of boycott, Cherevanin declares: “Thus [i.e., in the event of a Duma boycott, ed.] the possibility of making the State Duma an instrument of the democratic revolution is ruled out.” (See Works, Vol. VIII, pp. 170–171, on this matter.)
17) Ibid., p. 171.
18) Ibid., p. 173.
19) Ibid., p. 174.
20) 14. VII & after in the provinces—14. VII and beyond in the provinces.
21) Vice versa — conversely.
22) Iskra, No. 108, dated August 13 (July 31), 1905, article: “Our Tactics and the State Duma.”
23) Poslednie Izvestia, No. 247, dated September 1 (August 19), 1905, article: “The Duma of Counter-Revolution.”
24) A part — especially.
23) Iskra, No. 106, and Poslednie Izvestia, No. 247,
p. 4, paragraph 2.