V. I. Lenin

Source: ru:LS/v6;es:MT
Translated: machine translation (DeepSeek) from the Russian; AI-translated.

Date: July 1903
Pages: 53-63

[7] 8. Voting
on all questions, except the election of officials, shall be open. [The Bureau of the Congress shall keep an exact record of all members of the Congress by name, voting for and against on each question.] Upon the demand of 10 votes, voting shall be by roll-call with a record of all votes cast
in the minutes. *) 9)
[8] 9.
Conspiratorial designation of the name of each participant of the Congress [(or without a name: first and second delegate from such-and-such party organisation, etc.)]. and )
[9] 10.
Statement by the Chairman that the Congress has finally constituted itself as the 11 regular Congress of the R.S.D.L.P.
and that, consequently, the decisions
of this Congress annul all previous decisions of the First regular and of special congresses contradicting them,—that, consequently, the decisions
of this Congress are unconditionally binding on the entire R.S.D.L. Party.
[10] 11. **) Discussion of the list and order of questions.
[(To expedite roll-call votes and avoid mistakes, it is desirable that the Bureau of the Congress distribute to all members of the Congress having a decisive vote, tickets for voting on each question. On each ticket the delegate indicates his name (see § 8) 10) and his vote (yes, no, abstain), as well as to which question his vote refers. Questions may be indicated in abbreviated form, or even by a number, letter, etc. The Bureau of the Congress keeps these tickets for each question separately until the end of the Congress,)] (It is undesirable to raise the question of the Bund in connection with this point: it is better to introduce it directly as the first item on the list of questions of the Congress.)
B. List and order of questions.
1.
12) Place
of the Bund in the R.S.D.L.P.
(On this question it is necessary
[(Does the R.S.D.L.P. accept in advance to draw up a draft reso-
*) This phrase, beginning with the words: “Upon the demand of 10 votes,” in the manuscript represents a later insertion made in the margins (on the right) in pencil. Ed.
**) Between § 10 and § 11 in the manuscript an insertion was made in pencil by an unknown hand: “Break. After br[eak].”
Ed.

PROGRAMME OF THE SECOND REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P.
the federal principle of party organisation,
put forward by the Bund?) 1.
2. Confirmation of the text of the programme of the R.S.D.L.P. 13)
First reading: adoption as a basis for detailed discussion
of one of the available drafts as a whole.
Second reading:
adoption of each point and paragraph of the programme.
3. Creation of the central organ
of the party (newspaper) or confirmation of such. 14)
a). Does the Congress wish to create a new organ?
b). If not, which of the existing organs does the Congress wish
to turn into the party central organ?
4. [Reports [of delegates] of committees (including the report of the O.C. through one
of its members) and other organisations of the party and individual members thereof.] ’*) 15)
lution which it is desirable to carry through.)
NB:
Reasons for putting this question in first place:
Formal *) (statements of the Bund, composition of the Congress, submission to the majority) and moral (complete elimination of a split **) and
disarray on a fundamental question).
5. How many drafts of the programme are to be considered by the Congress? (Iskra, Borba, Zhizn?)
6.
Are all drafts to be considered or one taken as a basis?
Or otherwise: adopt in the first reading one of the proposed
drafts.)
[(The necessity of this question as a separate item: to end the struggle of trends in Social-Democracy?)]
7. [Reports.
a). How many reports are there?
b). Are all reports to be read or submitted to a commission?
*) The two words: “Formal” and “split” are shaded in pencil in the manuscript, which apparently did not constitute a correction, i.e., the removal of these words from the text. To the left of this remark, after the word “Report” written and crossed out in pencil, the words “Foreign Department” are scribbled in pencil, having no direct relation to the main text.
Ed.
**) In the manuscript the entire point 7 is crossed out. Above it, in ink by an unknown hand, is written: “Delegate reports.”
Ed.

LENIN MISCELLANY
c). Is each report to be discussed separately or all together?
Better separately! d). Order of reading reports.
8. Organisation of the party.
[Confirmation of the general organisational statute of the R.S.D.L.P.
First reading: selection of one of the drafts as a whole.
Second reading: discussion of one of the drafts point by point.
9. Regional and national
organisations.
[(Recognition or non-recognition of each of them separately in such-and-such a composition and with such-and-such (possibly) exceptions from the general statute of the party.)]
10. Separate groups of the party.
| [Borba Group] Liberation of Labour
| Zhizn
| Volya
| [Russian Organisation of Iskra
| Yuzhny Rabochy, etc.]
Final (or preliminary
[i.e., with the provision for the C.C. to gather the necessary further information and make a final decision] **)) confirmation of the list of all party committees, organisations, groups, etc. 16)
11. The national question.
[Necessary drafts of resolutions on each separate group and separate organisation.
A resolution on the national question in general is necessary,
an explanation (of “self-determination” and the tactical conclusions from our explanation).
*) The words: “Group Liberation of Labour” in the manuscript represent a later addition.
Ed.
**) The text, beginning with the words: “i.e., with the provision” and ending with the words: “final decision,” represents a later insertion in the margins, subsequently crossed out.
Ed.

PROGRAMME OF THE SECOND REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P.
12. Economic
struggle and the trade union movement.
13. Celebration of May 4th.
14. International Socialist
Congress in Amsterdam in 1904. *) 17"
[15. Demonstrations and insurrection.
[16.] 13. Terror.
[17.] 21 **) 18) Attitude of the R.S.D.L.P. towards the “Socialist-Revolutionaries.”
[and towards the revolutionary socialists?? etc.] 19)
[18.] 22. **) 18) Attitude of the R.S.D.L.P. towards Russian liberal trends. ***)
[
M| aybe] also a special resolution against the P[olish] S[ocialist] P[arty]?)/ (A resolution is necessary, both principled and on the urgent tasks of the party.)
Same.
Same.
Same.
Same.
^
[Transfer these
>
two questions after
No. 7.] 20)
Same.
*) The entire text of point 11 with the remark relating to it in the margins: “Same” — in the manuscript represents an additional insertion; accordingly, Vladimir Ilyich changed the numbering of the subsequent points.
Ed.
**) In the manuscript the correction of the numbering of these two points (former 13 and 14) was made not only due to the insertion of the new point 11, but also
due to the subsequent change in the general order of arrangement of the points.
Ed.
***) In the manuscript, beside this point there is a point representing a later addition by an unknown hand: “*23. Attitude of the R.S.-D.L.P. towards other existing in Russia revolutionary and opposition parties and trends.” 21) The number of this point in the manuscript is indicated by two digits (in ink and pencil), with the later pencil marking of the number made by Vladimir Ilyich’s hand.
Ed.

LENIN MISCELLANY
[19.] 14. *)
Work:
[20.] 15. . .
[21.] 16. . .
[22.] 17. . .
[23.] 18. . . , [24.] 19. . .
[25.] 20. 22)
, [26.] [27.] 21.
23) Elections of the C.C.
and the editorial board of the C.O. of the party.
Internal questions of party
\
organisation
Desirable resolutions. **)
propaganda.
agitation.
party literature.
work among the peasantry.
in the army.
among students, among sectarians.
The Congress elects 5 persons to the editorial board of the C.O. and 5 to the C.C.
These six persons together, by a majority of 2/3, supplement, if necessary, the composition of the editorial board of the C.O. and the C.C. by co-optation and make a corresponding report
to the Congress. After the confirmation of this report by the Congress, further co-optation is carried out by the editorial board of the C.O. and the Central Committee separately ***) 24).
[28.]
24. Elections of the Council of the Party. ****) 25)
[29.]
25. Order of publication of the decisions and minutes of the Congress, as well as the order of entry into the performance of their duties of the elected officials and institutions. *****] 26)
*) In the manuscript the numbering of the points, starting from 14 and ending with 24, was successively corrected due to the change in the general order of arrangement of the points.
The numbers of points 14 – 20 were corrected in ink, the number of point 24 was initially corrected from 22 to 23 in ink and later from 23 to 24 in pencil. Ed.
**) These words in the manuscript are written in blue pencil in the margins along almost the entire page (across the rest of the text).
Ed.
***) The last phrase, beginning with the words: “After the confirmation,” in the manuscript is added in red ink.
Ed.
****) Point 24 in the manuscript is enclosed in brackets.
Ed.
*****) Point 25 in the manuscript is clearly added later by the author, since between it and the previous point 24 a final flourish-ending is made, indicating that initially point 24 was the last point of the draft.
Ed.

PROGRAMME OF THE SECOND REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P.
A) In accordance with this general explanation by Vladimir Ilyich, all his following remarks in brackets and without brackets, mainly on the right side (in the margins) and partly after individual points in the main text, represent commentaries (detailed development, additions, motivations) to his draft “Programme” of the work of the Congress.

2) The initial text of the point on the number of secretaries and the total number of members of the Bureau of the Congress, apparently, on the basis of subsequent critical remarks, Vladimir Ilyich changed: the initially indicated number of secretaries and the total number of members of the Bureau were crossed out in pencil and in pencil he placed in front of or instead of the crossed-out text new figures. The corrected figure for the number of secretaries of the Congress (9) was actually adopted by the Congress (“Minutes of the Second Congress of the R.S.-D.L.P.”, “Priboi” Publishing House, 1924, p. 19).

3) This remark in the manuscript is crossed out in pencil, apparently as having lost its significance, in view of granting the O.C. the right to directly invite persons with a consultative vote to the Congress (“Minutes” of the II Congress, “report of the credentials commission”, p. 32 and p. 350, appendix VI, § 13 and p. 355 explanation to § 13).

4) Regarding the wording of point 4 of the Congress regulations on the question of admitting the Polish S.-D., Vladimir Ilyich apparently had some hesitation: in the initial text of the draft regulations this point was absent, — it was inserted later on the basis of Martov’s remark to point 3 of Lenin’s initial draft (see below the text of Martov’s remarks, p. 64); the later origin of the said point 4 is evidenced by the addition of this point in the manuscript to the side of the main text (in the margins), its insertion in pencil into the main text after point 3 and the corresponding correction by Vladimir Ilyich of the numbering of all subsequent points of the draft regulations; later, Vladimir Ilyich apparently intended to incorporate the content of the inserted point 4 into point 3, as evidenced by the fact that in the manuscript the text of point 4 is crossed out in pencil and accompanied below by a pencil note “ad 3°”, indicating the attribution of the marked text “to point 3”; but this intention of Vladimir Ilyich apparently did not result in a final decision, since the general numbering of the points of the draft remained as it was after the introduction of the separate point 4.

5) In the regulations adopted by the Congress, the time for morning sessions was set: from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. (see “Minutes” of the II Congress, p. 10, point 1 of the regulations).

6) It is not clear what exactly the enclosure of the text of point 5 of the manuscript in brackets in pencil means; but, apparently, this did not at all mean the abolition of this point, since the numbering of the subsequent points remained without correction, and all the more so because this point was included in the regulations adopted by the Congress (point 1 of the adopted regulations of the Congress).

7) Point 6 of the draft was included in the regulations adopted by the Congress in a significantly altered form.
It was split into three separate points and corresponds to points 2, 3 and 4 of the adopted regulations. In addition, the following corrections and additions were made to its content: a proviso was adopted about the possibility of deviation from the adopted rule on the time

for reports, a special addition was made about the time for persons submitting resolutions and motivated proposals, the number of speeches by one person on the same question was increased from 2 to 3 times (see “Minutes” of the II Congress, p. 10, points 2 – 4).

8) The words: “with the participation of the chairman or one of his assistants” in the manuscript were inserted later, probably on the basis of subsequent remarks. The entire text of point 7 of the draft was fully included in point 5 of the regulations adopted by the Congress, with the following small change:
the expression “chairman or one of his assistants” was replaced by the single word “bureau”.
Part of the text of point 7, beginning with the words: “Each session” and ending with the words: “of the previous session,” represents an almost literal formulation of the addition to this point (point 6 of the initial numbering), introduced by Martov in his remarks on Lenin’s draft (see below the text of Martov’s remarks, p. 64). This gives grounds to assume that the indicated place was inserted by Vladimir Ilyich on the basis of Martov’s remark.

9) Point 8 of the draft corresponds to point 6 of the adopted regulations only with the following changes: after the words “Upon demand” the words “of no less than” were inserted; the expression “voting shall be by roll-call” was replaced by the expression “roll-call votes are taken”.

10) The reference is made to the following paragraph according to the initial numbering.

11) Point 9 of the draft was not included in the regulations adopted by the Congress.

12) This point of the draft in the adopted order of the day stands in the same wording as the second point, since the first point was the questions of the constitution of the Congress.
In accordance with this, the numbering of all subsequent points of the draft was changed in the adopted order of the day.

13) This point of the draft in the adopted order of the day stands as the 3rd point in a more concise wording: “Programme of the Party.” 14)

14) Point 11 of the draft in the adopted order of the day stands as the 4th point in a more concise wording: “Central Organ of the Party.”

15) This point in the adopted order of the day stands as the 5th point in a more concise wording: “Delegate reports.”

16) The second paragraph of point 7 in the order of the day adopted by the Congress was omitted.

17) Point 11 of the draft in the manuscript was inserted later on the basis of the corresponding remark by Martov (see below Martov’s remarks, p. 65).
In the adopted order of the day of the Congress this point in the same wording stands as the 12th point.

18) The indicated rearrangement of points 13 and 14 to the place of points 21 and 22 was made by Vladimir Ilyich on the basis of Martov’s remark to these points (see below Martov’s remarks, p. 65). In the adopted order of the day, points 21 and 22 of the draft stand in the same wording as the 16th and 17th points.

19) The remark in brackets (with a question mark) was not included in the adopted order of the day.

20) This crossed-out remark in the margins of the manuscript, relating to points 21 and 22, indicated the initial intention of Vladimir Ilyich to move these points after point 7.

21) The point 23 written in the margin by an unknown hand apparently represents one of the amendments introduced by one of the Iskra supporters into Lenin’s draft.

PROGRAMME OF THE SECOND REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P.
The author, in the final editing of his draft, apparently hesitated somewhat regarding the inclusion of this amendment, as evidenced by the pencil markings of the numbering of the points by Vladimir Ilyich’s hand: this amendment is marked by him with the number *23, and point 23 on the elections of the C.C. and the editorial board of the C.O. is marked with the number 24. But, as can be concluded from the comparison of all points of the draft in the order of their final numbering with the points of the adopted order of the day, the author, in the end, did not accept this amendment.

22) Regarding points 14 – 20 in the order of the day adopted by the Congress, the scheme of construction was partially changed: there these points are combined in a general point 15 under the general heading: “Internal questions of party work,” with the full preservation of the wording of the draft, but with the separation of individual questions into sub-points a – zh.

23) This point of the draft in the order of the day adopted by the Congress was preserved in the same wording and stands as the 18th point.

24) The end of this commentary on the procedure for co-optation of the C.C. and the editorial board of the C.O., beginning with the words: “After the confirmation,” was added in red ink on the basis of Martov’s remark to this point (see below Martov’s remarks, p. 65). This is definitely indicated by Vladimir Ilyich himself at the 31st session of the Congress in his reply to Martov: “I formulated then [during negotiations with Martov several weeks before the Congress. Ed.] this plan [for electing two trios. Ed.] on paper and sent it first of all to Comrade Martov himself, who returned it to me with corrections, — here I have that very copy, where Martov’s corrections are written in red ink” (“Minutes” of the II Congress, end of p. 306. Collected Works, Vol. IV, p. 302)

25) It is not clear what significance the enclosure of this point in brackets in the manuscript had. These brackets seem to indicate some hesitation by the author regarding this point: whether to leave it as an independent point or not.
In the end, this point remained and in the same wording was included in the order of the day adopted by the Congress, where it stands as the 19th point.

26) Point 25 of the draft (point 20 of the adopted order of the day of the Congress) was added later by the author on the basis of Martov’s remark about the necessity of including it in the order of the day (see below Martov’s remarks, p. 65).

In the manuscript the document below has no title.
Here it is titled by us on the basis of comparing its content with the text of the above-cited draft “Programme” of the Congress by V. I. Lenin. These remarks were made by Martov long before the Congress, apparently, were handed over by him to Vladimir Ilyich at the same time and were to a significant extent accepted and used by the latter in the final editing of his draft (see notes to the above-cited “Programme” of the II Congress by V. I. Lenin). This handwritten record by Martov represents documentary evidence that all the propositions which Lenin later defended at the Congress on the basis of this his draft were known in advance to Martov and to a significant extent accepted by him. In confirmation of this, Vladimir Ilyich quoted in the pamphlet “One Step Forward, Two Steps Back” several lines from the manuscript of Martov printed below (Collected Works, V, 385).

I.
Yu. O. Martov.
* REMARKS ON THE DRAFT “PROGRAMME
OF THE SECOND REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P.”
BY V. I. LENIN.
[July 1903. Geneva.]

To A. 1
§ 2. Would it not be better to elect the Bureau [p[erhaps]] not for the entire Congress, but for 2 sessions? It is tiresome, after all, to preside continuously! 2)

To § 3. The question of admitting the Polish S[ocial]-D[emocrats] should be discussed separately, in view of their declared desire. 3)

To § 5. One cannot limit speakers so much from the very beginning. The Congress, after all, retains the right to limit specifically on each given question or at a given stage of the debate on a given question. It is better to limit generally to no less than an hour for rapporteurs and 20 min[utes] for speakers. 4)

To § 6. Each session should begin with the reading and approval of the minutes of the previous one. 5)

§ 9. It cannot be placed as a “statement by the Chairman”. It must be introduced as a point of the regulations, voted on by the entire Congress, together with the entire set of regulations. 6

REMARKS ON THE DRAFT “PROGRAMME OF THE CONGRESS OF THE R.S.-D.L.P.”
To B. 7)
[To § 1. The question of pri]
To § 4 .— At the head of the delegate reports must be placed the report of the delegate of the O.C. 8)
[To § 5]
§ 6 should be part of § 5. 9)
After
§
it is necessary to insert “International Congress in Amsterdam and representation of the R.S.D.L.P. in the International Socialist Bureau”. 10
§§ 13 and 14 I propose to place after “internal questions of party work”, for the latter directly adjoin §§ 9, 10, 11 and 12. 11)
§ 22. Adopting such a form of mutual co-optation, it should be emphasised that after the Congress [co-optation] the filling of each collegium will be carried out on somewhat different principles (I would advise this: [co-opts] each collegium co-opts new members, [if] informing the other collegium of its intention; the latter may lodge a protest and then the dispute is decided by the Council. To avoid red tape, this procedure is carried out in relation to candidates designated in advance (at least for the C.C.), from whom filling can then be carried out more quickly. To emphasise that further co-optation is carried out in the order which will be provided for by the party statute, it is necessary to add in § 22: “... which also confirms the decisions taken”. 12)
Insert § 21: Decision on the order of publication of the decisions of the Congress and [time] order of entry into the performance of their duties of the elected institutions (for example, from what date “I[skra]” may officially title itself the organ of the party, and the C.C. issue leaflets etc.?). 13