In the practice of all congresses, a rule has been established by virtue of which those voting have the right to submit their dissenting opinions. Of course, every dissenting opinion is by its very nature a criticism. But then this circumstance did not prevent the adoption at the II Congress of a dissenting opinion from the Bund representatives—an opinion which was the sharpest criticism of the decision adopted by the congress. Our dissenting opinion contains an exposition of the motives explaining why we spoke out against comrade Plekhanov's proposal and our general attitude toward this proposal. It is all the more necessary to read this dissenting opinion because at the end of it there is a substantiated declaration that we are withdrawing our resolution.