In 1913 and the first half of 1914. These data were used 
by V. I. Lenin in the article "Objective Data on the Strength of Different Trends in the Labour Movement" (see Coll. Works, vol. 25, p. 246).
6 These present calculations were used by V. I. Lenin in 
his work on the articles "Objective Data on the Strength of Different Trends in the Labour Movement" and "Response of Workers to the Formation of the Russian Social-
Democratic Labour Faction in the State Duma" (see Coll. 
Works, vol. 25, pp. 244—250, 406—413).

## ADDRESS TO UKRAINIAN WORKERS 1

Comrade Ukrainian workers!

In Ukraine, in the Ekaterinoslav region, alongside a million-strong population of Ukrainian working people, an enormous centre of mining industry has developed, 
where tens of thousands of miners—Great Russians and Ukrainians—are subjected to exploitation, creating wealth for the capitalists through their hard labour. No better is the life of Ukrainian rural workers 
in the manorial estates of Kyiv region, Volhynia, Kherson region 
and so on, throughout all Ukraine.

It is time for us too, Ukrainian workers, to awaken and energetically set about uniting for the struggle against capital. For 
we are oppressed both as workers and as members of an enslaved nation, denied the right to receive education in schools in our own native language. But our enemies have already taught us to understand that: 
1) the emancipation of workers must be the work of the workers themselves; 
only through our own consciousness, our own organization 
shall we achieve a better life; 2) only a fraternal alliance with workers 
of all nations, and above all with Great Russian workers, miners, factory and rural workers, will give us the opportunity 
to find the path to emancipation.

Comrades! Our path is the fraternal alliance of workers of all nations. 
We shall not be deceived by any nationalists—neither Great Russian 
ones, who through the prohibition of our language deprive us of the means 
for genuine development and sow enmity between us and 
Great Russian workers. We shall not be deceived by Ukrainian nationalists either, who claim that they too stand against 
national oppression, but only pretend to be friends of the workers and hoodwink them with their nationalist ideas. No! We know that Russian Marxists, united 
with class-conscious workers of all nations in Russia, are fighting for 
equal rights for all nations. We know that Great Russian class-conscious workers do not recognize special 
state privileges for the Great Russian nation, but rather fight for the right to 
national self-determination, that is, the right of oppressed nations in Russia to freely create their own life.

For workers there is no other and no better path than the path of fraternal unification of workers of all nations in joint organizations.

Comrade Ukrainian workers!

For the success of our movement we need our own newspaper. We must begin as soon as possible to publish a supplement to 
the workers' newspaper "Trudovaya Pravda"—the "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet" 2.

The publication of the "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet" will be able to unite us with the Russian proletariat. The "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet" 
will help us awaken ever wider masses of Ukrainian workers and attract them to the general workers' Marxist 
movement.

But the "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet," like the miners' leaflet 
in the newspaper "Trudovaya Pravda" 3, will be able to exist only when 
the Ukrainian workers themselves energetically, without losing time, begin right now 
to collect money for its publication.

Comrade Ukrainian workers!

Raise funds as quickly as possible for your leaflet, 
organize groups among yourselves for this purpose, and send the collected money 
to the editorial office of "Trudovaya Pravda." When we have collected 
sufficient funds, we shall immediately begin to publish the leaflet. 
It is possible that our Ukrainian workers' leaflet will grow further 
into a Ukrainian workers' daily newspaper. But it is absolutely necessary 
that we, Ukrainian workers, take the closest part in our leaflet, 
because otherwise the work begun will be dead. Send to the "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet" 
articles, notes, and correspondence.

Comrades! In all cities and villages, mines and factories 
respond to our call; begin work around your cause, around your "Ukrainian Workers' Leaflet."

Written not later than April 1, 1914.
Published June 29, 1914.
Printed from the text of the newspaper
"Trudovaya Pravda," No. 28
Translated from Ukrainian

1 On June 29, 1914, the newspaper "Trudovaya Pravda" published 
the "Address to Ukrainian Workers" in the Ukrainian language signed 
by Oksena Lola. V. I. Lenin wrote an editorial note to the "Address" 
(see Coll. Works, vol. 25, p. 360).
The draft "Address to Ukrainian Workers" was written by Lenin 
in Russian and sent to the Ukrainian social-democrat O. N. Lola 
(V. Stepanyuk). The "Address" was intended for 
the "Miners' Leaflet"—a supplement to the newspaper "Put Pravdy."