The Rural Commune, Cottage Industries, and Agricultural Economy of the Yuryev District of Vladimir Province.
Published by Asaph Baranov. Research by V. S. Prugarvin.
Moscow 1884, price 1 r. 50 k. (Kushneryev Typography)

Prugarvin's description of communal arrangements in this book is rather superficial, but it provides some (important) data on the dependence of the fundamental land divisions on the height of payments for land.

The description of cottage industries is extremely brief. The author refers readers to the book "Industries of Vladimir Province."

But what is extremely interesting and important in the book is the compilation of detailed

*census*

1) of all villages *) of Ilyinskaya volost
   2,069 courtyards
2) of the village of Chernokulov of Simskaya volost
   53 courtyards
3) » Osanovets of Parshinskaya volost
   195 courtyards
   + 34
   [[total, consequently, 2,251 courtyards]]

Information is given for each courtyard separately in a table according to the following columns: 1) Special commercial-industrial establishments.— 2) When did it arise.— 3) Maximum—minimum workers.— 4) Independent, or cottage-worker, or working for an employer.— 5—8) and 9—12) Composition of workers, family and hired.— 13—15) Livestock (horses, cows, small cattle).— 16—19) Family composition (men, women, workers, worker-women).— 20—23) Literate and students.— 24—25) Industries (local and migratory).— 26) Types of goods produced.— 27) Allotment.— 28) Working the land.— 29—31) Land rental by individual householders (what kind of land? desyatins? price?).— 32) Purchased land.— 33) Notes.

*) General information about these villages (totals and some others: payments, etc.) is given in a separate table.

Distribution of allotment land in the village of Sorguzhino of Ilyinskaya volost of Yuryev District of Vladimir Province before the redistribution of 1884 and after it. Before the redistribution they held according to census male souls, and redistributed according to actual male souls.

Allotments are rented out for payments plus 2—3 r. "to the top."

**According to the old division**

| Allotments per courtyard | Number of courtyards | Family composition of these courtyards (men / women) | Number of souls of both sexes per allotment | Number of male souls per allotment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | 11 | 2— / 2— | 3.4 | 1.8 |
| 2— | 11 | 2— / 2— | 2— | 1.4 |
| 2—3 | 100 | 3.4 / 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| | 213 | | | |

**According to the new division**

| Allotments per courtyard | Number of courtyards | Family composition of these courtyards (men / women) | Number of souls of both sexes per allotment | Number of male souls per allotment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | 3 | 3.6 / 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.0 |
| 2.6 | 143 | 2.4 / 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| 2.0 | 67 | 2.0 / 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 |
| 1.7 | 1 | 1.7 / 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.0 |
| | — | | | |

Prugarvin presented this little table [Prugarvin is responsible for the first 5 columns] in order to prove "the tremendous significance of fundamental rredistributions" (p. 5), which equalize the distribution of land. It is easy to see that his figures do not at all confirm this conclusion.

Before the redistribution there were 67.k% of those with few souls*); among them 51.в% of land.

After the redistribution there were 51.3% of those with few souls; among them 30.4% of land.

Consequently, before the redistribution per 1 percent of courtyards (those with few souls) there fell 0.76 percent of land, and after the redistribution—0.59%. Consequently, unevenness increased.

Before the redistribution those with few souls had 51.в% of male souls; 55.4% of souls of both sexes.

After the redistribution those with few souls had 31.9% of male souls; 38.6% of souls of both sexes.

Total land held by peasants 1,217 des. 1,143 sazhens = 
1,217.3 desyatins.
Per 1 male soul 4.44 desyatins before the redistribution and 3.96 — after. Per 1 allotment — 4.34 desyatins before the redistribution and 3.90 desyatins — after.

Those with many souls (owning 4 and more allotments) before the redistribution comprised 10% of courtyards, 18.% of allotments; 18.а% of male souls; 17.8% of souls of both sexes. After the redistribution 23.8% of courtyards, 41.3% of allotments; 39.0% of male souls; 36.% of souls of both sexes.

## In Ilyinskaya Volost

**Horses**

a) Without horses — 393 proprietors ?
b) With 1 horse — 918 » ?
c) » 2 horses — 554 »
d) » 3 » — 153 »
e) » 4 » — 37
f) » 5 » — 2
g) » 6 » — —

2,700 (actual: 2,069) [should be 2,069]

*) Thus the author names proprietors of 1—2 allotments.

[The following page contains Lenin's handwritten annotations and calculations on the document, largely illegible in reproduction]

## Columns

1. Number of courtyards
2—5. Family composition (men / women / workers / worker-women)
6—9. Literate (men and women) and students
10—12. Livestock + a + b — without horses + without any livestock
13. Allotment land
14—16. Rental — courtyards, desyatins, price
17—18. (courtyards, desyatins) purchased land
19—24. All, part themselves, hired, worker, rent out
25. Establishments with craft enterprises (a)
26. Proprietors with establishments (b)
27—29. Among them workers (total — family + hired)
30—31. Maximum and minimum workers
32—35. Local industries (total, weaving in cottage, in separate cottage)
Local a) weaver in cottage
b) weaver in separate cottage
c) day laborer
d) independent
e) beggar
36. Migratory a) to factory-mill establishments
b) as workers
c) lives elsewhere
d) independent
1 threshing machine
1 a separate cottage
— grain cleaner
2 b threshing machine
) carp
3 c mill (and windmill)
d mason
4 e smithy
1 separate cottage
5 f grain cleaner
g mill
6 h oil-press
sawing equipment
7 i (7 categories) of the rest
k smithy
l oil-press
8 m beehive
9 n bakery
o fabric manufacturer
p windmill
q dye house

289*

*Lenin counts craft enterprises by selecting information about them from the household data of Ilyinskaya volost: he marks each establishment with a dot in the notebook, distributing the dots by tens. —Ed.

**Temporarily obligated:**

| Courtyards | Family composition (men / women) | Workers / worker-women | Literate (courtyards / men / women) | Students (courtyards / men / women) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a) | | | | |
| b) 131 | 53 + 64 | — | 310 + 342 | — |
| c) | 223 + 241 | — | — | — |
| d) | 104 + 113 | — | — | — |
| e) | 50 + 44 | — | — | — |
| | [803?] | | | |

*) Horses: 6 × (?) + 3 × (?) + 1 × 8 = 47
24 + 15 + 8 = 47
Ergo, horses — 404

## **Land Processing**

[Complex table with columns for: Rented / Land processing / Price, Part of / Working whole / part, Renting out, Migratory (plumber a / idem b / idem c / tailor bis d), Notes]

Ergo: 7 [desyatins] from — [calculation]

215 1 14
27

* Same. —Ed.
** Twice. —Ed.

[The following pages contain complex tabular data from Prugarvin's census with numerous columns including:]

**Column Headers:**
- Without any livestock
- Livestock / Small livestock / Total livestock in conversion to large
- Allotment land
- Without land / Land / etc.
- Rental of land / Purchase
- Number of workers in cottages / Actual
- Local industries: Number of families engaged in weaving
- Number of weavers
- Migratory industries: Number of families working
- Total families with workers working
- Family composition / Literate / Students / Groups by working livestock / Number of courtyards

**Groups by working livestock:**
- Without horses
- With 1 horse
- With 2 horses
- With 3 horses
- With 4 or more horses
- Total

[Multiple detailed statistical tables follow with numerical data corresponding to these categories]