Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

NOTEBOOK “β”

HEYMANN,COMBINED ENTERPRISES

Hans GideonHeymann,Combined Enterprises in theGerman Large-Scale Iron Industry, Stuttgart, 1904(No. 65 ofMunich Economic Studies).

A summary of data (for the most part rather fragmentary) on the advantages of large-scale production, especially “combined” production, i.e., uniting various successive stages....

“Combined enterprises often belong to more than a dozen cartels, as Völker’s interesting table shows”... (249)....

Now competition has been done away with. There remain two or three dozen big plants. At the head are Thyssen, Lueg and Kirdorf (261). “Two gigantic associations”: the coal syndicate and the steel syndicate ((87.5 per cent of steel output)) “must rule over the whole”.

— — — Monopoly of the means of production. The land has been bought up (coal and ore).

The summing up:

See p. 108.

Heymann’s statistics:

Twenty-four combined enterprises (these 24 include—Krupp, Stumm, Deutscher Kaiser (Thyssen), Avmetz Friede, etc., etc., all “leaders”).

Growth of large-scale production in the German iron industry

End of extracts fromHeymann.

[1]Ibid., pp. 227-28.—Ed.

[2]See present edition, Vol. 22 pp. 198-99.—Ed.