*Not later than January 1903*

8°. R. 7. 135*

In *Socialist Review* (vol. 29) February 1899 (pp. 219—237).

(Economic Review. "On the Danger and Future of Agricultural Syndicates" by Gustav Rouané)

cited in Rocquigny, p. 42 in *Agricultural Syndicates**

Rouané's article was written in connection with Éli Coulet's book.* Rouané treats the "syndicates" as the work of an "agrarian party"—they consist chiefly of large and medium landowners—their work on behalf of workers is negligibly small—their aim: a trust of landowners, a combination for the sale of agricultural products—their political program: the interests of large landowners, who lead this entire movement, drag along small landowners and workers in their wake, strive for complete domination of the state by the party of large landowners.

Like all trusts, the syndicates work diligently in the service of socialism.

Of 439 syndicates with 438,596 members (1897) they established: "mutual aid societies against workplace accidents: one; orphanages—one; employment bureaus and offices: thirteen; arbitration courts, conciliation chambers—three; societies for aid to manual labor: two; aid in kind ('gifts of things for children')—one; aid in supplying tools (service de prêts d'outils et d'instruments agricoles): two" (p. 225) and Rouané ridicules Deschanel.*

Rouané cites Rocquigny more than once, saying among other things that his "rural democracy" = 300,000 large landowners!! (p. 231).

**NOTES ON THE ARTICLE BY G. ROUANÉ**

in supplying tools ("temporary provision of instruments and agricultural implements"): two" (p. 225) and Rouané ridicules Deschanel.*

Rouané cites Rocquigny more than once, saying among other things that his "rural democracy" = 300,000 large landowners!! (p. 231).

*Editor's notes:*

¹ The approximate date has been established on the following basis. Rouané's article Lenin read, in all probability, simultaneously with or after reading Rocquigny's book, and Rocquigny is already mentioned in his materials for a lecture in Paris in early March 1903 (see *Lenin Collection* XIX, 254, 261, 273, 282).

² In the book by Count de Rocquigny *Les syndicats agricoles et leur oeuvre* (*Agricultural Syndicates and Their Work*) (see p. 24 of this Collection), on p. 42 there is a reference to this article by G. Rouané.

³ Lenin's note on this book by E. Coulet see in this Collection, p. 188.

⁴ Rouané, citing Deschanel's speech in the Chamber of Deputies praising the work of agricultural syndicates on behalf of workers, when Deschanel mentioned individual types of measures, notes in brackets and underscores individual instances of these measures, and in response to Deschanel's concluding phrase: "Et voici enfin qu'ils organisent les retraites ouvrières" ("And here finally they are organizing pensions for workers")—remarks ironically: "Et voilà comment M. Deschanel écrit l'histoire des syndicats agricoles, aux applaudissements des membres de ces syndicats, tout ravis d'apprendre soudainement qu'ils avaient fait de si belles choses" ("And that is how Mr. Deschanel writes the history of agricultural syndicates to the applause of the members of these syndicates, quite delighted to learn suddenly that they had done such fine things").