Richard Calwer: "Einführung in die Weltwirtschaft" (vol. 30 of the "Maier-Rothschild Library"). 1906. (3 Mark) (around 1900) on "Principal Economic Regions of the World"**:

An interesting attempt at a summary of data (for 1900)
(attempting to reduce them to a table)***:

| **Wirtschaftliche Hauptgebiete der Welt [Principal Economic Regions of the World]:** | **Fläche [Area] mill. qkm [sq. km.]** | **Population mill. inhabitants per 1 qkm** | **Railways [тыс. km (thousand km)]** | **Commercial Fleet** | **Telegraph** | **Gold Production (1000) thousand kg.** | **Number of Spindles in Cotton Industry (1900) mill.** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mitteleuropäisches (Central European) | 27. (23.) | 388.4 (146.0) | 14.05 | 203. | 41. | 7. | 40. |
| Britisches (British) | 28. (28.) | 398.0 (355*) | 13.5 | 140. | 35. | *1.1 | 250.8 |
| Russisches (Russian) | 22. | 130.8 | 8. | 63.8 | 5. | 1.0 | 14. |
| Ostasiatisches (East Asian) | 12.4 | 389.4 | 31 | 8. | 8. | 0.6 | 12. |
| Amerikanisches (American) | 30. | 148.5 | 4. | 378.0 | 23. | 6.0 | — |
| **Σ =** | **121.** | **1455.3** | **12** | **794.4** | **113.** | **26.** | — |
| "Unberücksichtigt" **** | 14. | (for) 70 | 22* | — | — | — | — |
| **Entire Earth** | **136** | **1.525** | **816.7** | — | — | — | — |

**Note:** In parentheses below (Fläche) area of colonies and their population.

* The translation of the title belongs to Lenin (see Works, vol. XIX, 147-148). Ed.
** Richard Calwer: "Introduction to World Economy" (vol. 30 of the "Maier-Rothschild Library". 1906 (3 marks)... (around 1900) on "Principal Economic Regions of the World". Ed.
*** See also the table in Works, vol. XIX, 148. Ed.
**** Not accounted for. Ed.

Calwer defines colonial possessions as follows (p. 90):

| | **qkm (Mill.)** | **mill. inhabitants** |
|---|---|---|
| France | 2.0 | 12.0 |
| Holland | 2.0 | 37.3 |
| Belgium | 2.4 | 19.0 |
| Denmark | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Spain | 0.1 | 0.8 |
| Portugal | 2.1 | 7.2 |
| Great Britain | 28.6 | 355.4 |
| United States of America | 0.8 | 8.6 |

By "Central European region" the author means all of Europe except England and Russia.

"Unberücksichtigt" — i.e., not distributed among the regions, include among other things Afghanistan, Persia, Arabia, in Africa Abyssinia, Morocco (the author is behind the times!!! the booklet was published in 1906!!!), and others.

Development of the railway network in these five regions for the years 1890 and 1913 (see below the principal figures)* will be:

| | **1890:** | **1913:** | **Increase:** |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central Europe | 166.6 | 268.0 | + 102.7 |
| British Empire (with colonies) | 107.3 | 207.8 | + 100.5 |
| Russian Empire (Asia without colonies) | 32.4 | 78.1 | + 45.7 |
| East Asian region | 3.8 | 27.5 | + 24.0 |
| America (without colonies) | 308.1 | 521.6 | + 213.8 |
| **Total** | **617.2** | **1.104.3** | — |

* See table between pp. 196 and 197. Ed.