"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society," 1914, July (vol. LXXVII, part VIII) (pp. 777-807).
Edgar Crammond. "Economic Relations of the British and German Empires."
Together these empires account for 39% of world international trade (1911: 26.9% England + 12.5% Germany); 53% of the world's merchant fleet.

|  | Germany | Great Britain |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1872: 41.23 (million) | 31.87 million |
|  | 1888: 48.17 » | 36.88 » |
|  | 1910: 64.92 » | (1911) 45.22 » |
|  | +(1872-1910) +23.69 | +13.31 |
| Per 1,000 births | 29.5 (1911) | 24.4 |
| " " deaths | 18.2 | 14.8 |
| % urban population | 57.4% (1905) | 71.3% (1901) |
| Value of mining and industrial production (1911) | 102 £ st. (million) | 124.5 » |

|  | United States | Great Britain | Germany |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coal production | 1911: 450.2 million tons | 234.5 | 276.2 |
|  | 1886: 103.1 | 73.7 | 160.0 |
|  | + 347.1 | +160.8 | +116.2 |
|  | +336.6% | +218.1% | +72.6% |
| Raw steel production | 1910: 26.5 | 13.7 | 6.1 |
|  | 1886: 2.6 | 0.9 | 2.4 |
|  | + 23.9 | +12.7 | +3.7 |
|  | +910.3% | +1,335% | +154.3% |

|  | Great Britain | Germany |
|---|---|---|
| Export of cotton goods | 1887: 10.0 million £ st. | 72.0 |
|  | 1912: 24.3 » » » | 122.2 |
| Deposits in bank accounts (1912-3) | 468.0 » » » | 1,053.0 |
| Savings banks | = 839.0 » » » | 221.1 |
|  | (total) 1,307.0 | 1,274 |
| — | 376 |  |
|  | V. I. LENIN |  |

|  | Germany | Great Britain |
|---|---|---|
| Net tonnage of merchant fleet | 1880: 1.2 million | 3.0 » |
|  | 1911: 6.6 million | 11.7 |
|  | +5.4 +156% | +8.7 +77.7% |
| Total tonnage of vessels in exports and imports, external trade | 1880: 13.0 million tons (39.1% German vessels) | 49.7 » (72.2% British vessels) |
|  | 1911: 49.5 (50.1% German vessels) | +138.9 (59% British vessels) |
| Shipbuilding: annual production | 1898-1904: 240.8 thousand tons | 618.8 |
|  | 1913: 898.0 | 2,203.0 |
| Tonnage of vessels passing through the Suez Canal | 1892: 809.0 thousand tons | 4,241.0 |
|  | 1912: 8,102.0 | 17,611.0 |
| % of all vessels passing through the Suez Canal | 1892: 7.4% | 15.1% |
|  | 1912: 74.5% | 62.9% |
| Gross revenue of railways | 1888: 58.4 million £ st. | 149.5 |
|  | 1910: 72.9 | 127.2 |
|  | +156% | +74.3% |
| External trade (exports + imports) | 1888: 323.6 million £ st. | 558.1 |
|  | 1912: 982.6 | 1,120.1 |
|  | +204% +659.0 million £ st. | +100.7% +562.0 million £ st. |

Military and naval expenditure (1912): 70.0 million £ st. | 102.4
National wealth: 15,000 » » » | 25,000 (*)
National income (Helfferich for Germany): 2,000 » » » | 3,400
Investment of capital abroad: 1,000 » » » | 3,800
 | = 6.6% (of national wealth) | (= 23%)

In Great Britain alone:

(*) This is the entire empire without colonies = 16,500.
— 377 —
NOTEBOOK "I" ("IOTA")

|  | Germany | Great Britain |
|---|---|---|
| Income from capital invested abroad (1912) | 50.0 million £ st. | 185.0 » |
| Income from shipping | 30.0 » » » | 100.0 » |
| National income (Germany according to Helfferich) | 1896: 1,075 | — |
|  | 1912: 2,000 » » » | 1,430 |
|  | — | 2,140 |
| Annual increase in national wealth (last 18 years for Germany) and (last 28 years for Great Britain) | = 272.0 » » » | 230.0 » |
| Over the last five years approximately equal, | — | — |